Tso M O, Hayreh S S
Arch Ophthalmol. 1977 Aug;95(8):1458-62. doi: 10.1001/archopht.1977.04450080168023.
Tritiated leucine was injected intravitreously into the eyes of rhesus monkeys that had developed papilledema secondary to implantation of intracranial balloons. Autoradiographic studies of the optic nerve head showed that six hours after intravitreous injection of the isotope the fast component of axoplasmic transport accumulated in the regions of the lamina choroidalis and lamina scleralis. The slow component arrived at the optic nerve head two to four days after injection, and the swollen axons of the entire optic nerve head were filled with radioactive isotopes. Twelve days after injection of isotope, the axons in the optic nerve head were still diffusely labeled. Disturbance of axoplasmic transport was one of the primary events resulting in swelling of axons in papilledema. The pattern of axoplasmic disturbances in papilledema secondary to raised intracranial pressure was similar to that observed in papilledema secondary to ocular hypotony or increased intraocular pressure. Ocular hypotony, raised intracranial pressure, and increased intraocular pressure appear to share a final common pathway. All these conditions apparently converge into this final common pathway of disturbance of axoplasmic transport to give rise to papilledema.
将氚标记的亮氨酸经玻璃体内注射到因颅内植入球囊而继发视乳头水肿的恒河猴眼中。对视神经乳头的放射自显影研究表明，在玻璃体内注射同位素6小时后，轴浆运输的快速成分积聚在脉络膜板和巩膜板区域。缓慢成分在注射后2至4天到达视神经乳头，整个视神经乳头肿胀的轴突充满了放射性同位素。注射同位素12天后，视神经乳头中的轴突仍有弥漫性标记。轴浆运输障碍是导致视乳头水肿中轴突肿胀的主要事件之一。继发于颅内压升高的视乳头水肿中的轴浆紊乱模式与继发于眼压降低或眼压升高的视乳头水肿中观察到的模式相似。眼压降低、颅内压升高和眼压升高似乎有一个共同的最终途径。所有这些情况显然都汇聚到轴浆运输障碍的这个最终共同途径，从而导致视乳头水肿。
