Starr B C, Staddon J E
J Exp Anal Behav. 1982 Mar;37(2):267-80. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1982.37-267.
Pigeons were exposed to multiple schedules in which an irregular repeating sequence of five stimulus components was correlated with the same reinforcement schedule throughout. Stable, idiosyncratic, response-rate differences developed across components. Components were rank-ordered by response rate; an approximately linear relation was found between rank order and the deviation of mean response rate from the overall mean rate. Nonzero slopes of this line were found for multiple fixed-interval and variable-time schedules and for multiple variable-interval schedules both when number of reinforcements was the same in all components and when it varied. The steepest function slopes were found in the variable schedules with relatively long interfood intervals and relatively short component durations. When just one stimulus was correlated with all components of a multiple variable-interval schedule, the slope of the line was close to zero. The results suggest that food-rate differences may be induced initially by different reactions to the stimuli and subsequently maintained by food.
鸽子被置于多种时间表中，其中五个刺激成分的不规则重复序列始终与相同的强化时间表相关联。各成分之间出现了稳定的、独特的反应率差异。各成分按反应率进行排序；在排序与平均反应率相对于总体平均率的偏差之间发现了近似线性关系。在所有成分的强化次数相同以及强化次数不同的情况下，对于多个固定间隔和可变时间时间表以及多个可变间隔时间表，都发现了这条线的非零斜率。在食物间隔相对较长且成分持续时间相对较短的可变时间表中发现了最陡的函数斜率。当仅一个刺激与多个可变间隔时间表的所有成分相关联时，线的斜率接近零。结果表明，食物率差异可能最初是由对刺激的不同反应引起的，随后由食物维持。
