Sharp R L, Troup J P, Costill D L
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1982;14(1):53-6. doi: 10.1249/00005768-198201000-00010.
In an effort to determine the role played by power in sprint swimming, 40 competitive swimmers (22 females and 18 males) were tested for arm power at velocities ranging from 1.60-3.28 m . s-1 using an apparatus that was specifically designed to mimic the arm action during swimming. Measurements were also made to determine the contribution of fatigability to spring swimming performance. In addition, each swimmer performed a series of 25-yd (22.86 m) freestyle sprints. A close relationship was found between power output and sprint swimming performance (r = 0.90). The highest power recordings were obtained at test velocities of 2.05 and 2.66 m . s-1, with the average velocity required for peak power being 2.40 m . s-1. This point is referred to as the optimal velocity. Four detrained swimmers were tested before and after 4 wk of isokinetic strength training only. On the average, performance improved 3.76%, while arm power increased by 18.66%. The fatigability of the competitive swimmers was not related to their sprint ability (r = 0.01). It is concluded that power, as measured in this study, offers an objective assessment of a component essential for success in sprint swimming.
为了确定力量在短距离游泳中所起的作用，使用专门设计用于模拟游泳时手臂动作的仪器，对40名竞技游泳运动员（22名女性和18名男性）在1.60至3.28米·秒⁻¹的速度范围内进行了手臂力量测试。还进行了测量以确定疲劳性对短距离游泳成绩的影响。此外，每位游泳运动员都进行了一系列25码（22.86米）的自由泳短距离冲刺。发现功率输出与短距离游泳成绩之间存在密切关系（r = 0.90）。在2.05和2.66米·秒⁻¹的测试速度下获得了最高功率记录，最大功率所需的平均速度为2.40米·秒⁻¹。这一点被称为最佳速度。仅对4名停训游泳运动员在进行4周等动力量训练之前和之后进行了测试。平均而言，成绩提高了3.76%，而手臂力量增加了18.66%。竞技游泳运动员的疲劳性与他们的短距离冲刺能力无关（r = 0.01）。得出的结论是，本研究中所测量的力量为短距离游泳成功所必需的一个要素提供了客观评估。
