Hawley J A, Williams M M, Vickovic M M, Handcock P J
School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Studies, Auckland Institute of Technology, New Zealand.
Br J Sports Med. 1992 Sep;26(3):151-5. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.26.3.151.
The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between non-invasive laboratory measures of 'muscle power' and swim performance over sprint (50 m) and middle-distance (400 m) events. Twenty-two swimmers performed an upper and lower body Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAT) and a maximal sustained power output test (MPO) for the upper body. Peak power (PP) and mean power (MP) were determined for the WAT, while peak sustained workload (WLpeak) was determined for the MPO. Timed swims over 50 m and 400 m were undertaken by all swimmers during which the number of arm strokes per length was recorded. Highly significant relationships were found between sprint-swim speed (S50) and mean power of the arms (MP(arms)) (r = 0.63, P less than 0.01), between S50 and mean power of the legs (MP(legs)) (r = 0.76, P less than 0.001) and between S50 and the distance covered with each arm stroke (DS) (r = 0.91, P less than 0.001). Multiple regression analyses revealed that WAT power indices for the legs did not significantly increase explained variance in S50 above that of the arms. The relationship between WL(peak) and S400 was highly significant (r = 0.70, P less than 0.001) and indicates the importance of arm power in the longer distance swim events.
本研究的目的是确定“肌肉力量”的非侵入性实验室测量值与短距离（50米）和中距离（400米）游泳项目成绩之间的关系。22名游泳运动员进行了上半身和下半身的温盖特无氧测试（WAT）以及上半身的最大持续功率输出测试（MPO）。确定了WAT的峰值功率（PP）和平均功率（MP），以及MPO的峰值持续工作量（WLpeak）。所有游泳运动员都进行了50米和400米的计时游泳，期间记录了每游完一段距离的划水次数。研究发现，短距离游泳速度（S50）与手臂平均功率（MP(arms)）之间存在高度显著的关系（r = 0.63，P < 0.01），S50与腿部平均功率（MP(legs)）之间存在高度显著的关系（r = 0.76，P < 0.001），S50与每划一次手臂所游过的距离（DS）之间存在高度显著的关系（r = 0.91，P < 0.001）。多元回归分析表明，腿部的WAT功率指数并未显著增加S50中超出手臂功率指数的可解释方差。WL(peak)与S400之间的关系高度显著（r = 0.70，P < 0.001），这表明手臂力量在长距离游泳项目中的重要性。
