Bulgin M S, Anderson B C, Ward A C, Evermann J F
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1982 May 15;180(10):1222-6.
Over a 2-year period, 296 episodes of disease involving 226 1-to-60-day-old calves were referred to the Caldwell Veterinary Teaching Center. Infectious disease agents were found in 96% of the cases. Salmonella spp were the most frequently isolated agents from dairy calves, whereas coronavirus was the agent most commonly associated with diarrhea in beef calves. Multiple agents were found in 20% of the dairy calves and in 12% of the beef calves. Salmonella dublin, which is associated with severe disease in man, made up a large percentage of the Salmonella spp isolated (40%). In vitro drug sensitivities indicated that a high percentage of Salmonella and Escherichia coli were resistant to drugs, especially to the drugs commonly used to treat calf diarrhea.
在两年时间里，共有296起涉及226头1至60日龄犊牛的疾病事件被转诊至考德威尔兽医教学中心。96%的病例中发现了传染病原体。沙门氏菌属是从奶牛犊中最常分离出的病原体，而冠状病毒是与肉牛犊腹泻最常相关的病原体。20%的奶牛犊和12%的肉牛犊中发现了多种病原体。与人的严重疾病相关的都柏林沙门氏菌，在分离出的沙门氏菌属中占很大比例（40%）。体外药敏试验表明，很大比例 的沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌对药物耐药，尤其是对常用于治疗犊牛腹泻的药物耐药。
