Beck S H
J Gerontol. 1982 Sep;37(5):616-24. doi: 10.1093/geronj/37.5.616.
Research over the past 30 years concerning the effect of retirement on personal adjustment has resulted in conflicting findings. Some studies reported a negative effect for retirement; others showed no effect at all. This study utilized the National Longitudinal Surveys of Mature Men to test the net effect of retirement on happiness with life and to analyze an evaluation of retirement item in order to discern specific factors that cause lower satisfaction with retirement. Logistic multiple regression and ordinary least squares regression were used in the analysis. The main findings are as follows: (a) although a negative bivariate relationship exists between retirement and happiness with life, retirement has no significant net effect; (b) health factors, recent widowhood, and income have the greatest impact on happiness with life; and (c) poor health, lower income, and earlier-than-expected retirement are the main determinants of negative evaluations of retirement.
过去30年里，关于退休对个人适应的影响的研究得出了相互矛盾的结果。一些研究报告称退休有负面影响；另一些则表明根本没有影响。本研究利用全国成熟男性纵向调查来测试退休对生活幸福感的净影响，并分析退休项目的评估，以辨别导致对退休满意度较低的具体因素。分析中使用了逻辑多元回归和普通最小二乘法回归。主要研究结果如下：(a) 虽然退休与生活幸福感之间存在负向二元关系，但退休没有显著的净影响；(b) 健康因素、近期丧偶和收入对生活幸福感影响最大；(c) 健康状况差、收入低和早于预期退休是对退休负面评价的主要决定因素。
