Pierce N F, Cray W C, Sircar B K
Infect Immun. 1978 Jul;21(1):185-93. doi: 10.1128/iai.21.1.185-193.1978.
The induction of a jejunal antitoxin response was studied in dogs immunized with cholera toxin or toxoid. Single doses of toxoid given subcutaneously (s.c.) or of toxin given intraluminally (i.l.) were each effective in priming the mucosal immune system, whereas toxoid given i.l. was much less effective. In contrast, toxin and toxoid given i.l. were each effective as booster antigens. The local secondary response was rapid and brief, the peak occurring at about 7 days after i.l. boosting and declining by 90% after 2 more weeks. After s.c. priming and i.l. boosting with toxoid, antitoxin-containing plasma cells appeared predominantly in the portion of jejunum exposed to the i.l. booster. The appearance of antitoxin-containing plasma cells in jejunal lamina propria correlated with the amount of antitoxin recovered in jejunal washings which, in turn, correlated with protection against challenge with cholera toxin. Thus, lamina propria antitoxin-containing plasma cells appeared to be the source of protective antitoxin. However, after sequential s.c.-oral immunization with toxoid, protection against challenge with Vibrio cholerae far outlasted the major systemic and local antitoxin responses and was not obviously explained by either. These studies reveal methods for induction of a mucosal antitoxin response, but leave in question the mechanism of prolonged protection induced by s.c.-oral immunization of dogs.
在以霍乱毒素或类毒素免疫的犬中研究了空肠抗毒素反应的诱导情况。皮下注射单剂量类毒素或肠腔内注射单剂量毒素均能有效地启动黏膜免疫系统，而肠腔内注射类毒素的效果则差得多。相比之下，肠腔内注射毒素和类毒素作为加强抗原均有效。局部二次反应迅速且短暂，峰值出现在肠腔内加强注射后约7天，再过2周后下降90%。皮下启动并用类毒素进行肠腔内加强注射后，含抗毒素的浆细胞主要出现在暴露于肠腔内加强注射的空肠部分。空肠固有层中含抗毒素浆细胞的出现与空肠灌洗液中回收的抗毒素量相关，而空肠灌洗液中抗毒素量又与抵抗霍乱毒素攻击的保护作用相关。因此，固有层中含抗毒素的浆细胞似乎是保护性抗毒素的来源。然而，在用类毒素进行皮下-口服序贯免疫后，抵抗霍乱弧菌攻击的保护作用远远超过主要的全身和局部抗毒素反应，且二者均无法明显解释该现象。这些研究揭示了诱导黏膜抗毒素反应的方法，但犬皮下-口服免疫诱导长期保护作用的机制仍不清楚。
