Christenson B, Broström C, Böttiger M, Hermanson J, Weiland O, Ryd G, Berg J V, Sjöblom R
Am J Epidemiol. 1982 Oct;116(4):599-607. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113442.
In 1979-1980, a distinct outbreak of hepatitis A occurred among homosexual men in Stockholm, Sweden, city and county area. The epidemic comprised 145 known cases. It began in December 1979 and progressed in waves during the following 10 months, with three distinct peaks separated by about six-week intervals. Actually, the incidence of hepatitis A in the Stockholm area showed a fivefold increase during 1980 as compared to the previous year. Clinical serologic, and social characteristics were studied more closely in 98 of the 145 homosexual men. Verification of hepatitis A was made by a solid-phase radioimmunoassay technique for detection of antibody to hepatitis A virus of the immunoglobulin M class. In addition, 64% of the men showed findings consistent with a prior hepatitis B (antibody to hepatitis B core antigen and/or antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen) and 34% were Treponema pallidum immobilization-positive from a prior or concomitant syphilis. Employment in risk professionals was common; thus, 19% worked in restaurants or otherwise handled food and 20% were engaged in medical care as compared to the 1% occupied in either branch of work among the general population in Sweden. Sexual habits with multiple partners and oral-anal sexual contacts were judged to be of major importance in the spread of this epidemic. Some spread of hepatitis A to the general population probably occurred due to the risk occupations of many homosexual men.
1979年至1980年期间，瑞典斯德哥尔摩市及周边地区的男同性恋群体中暴发了一场明显的甲型肝炎疫情。该疫情共有145例已知病例。疫情始于1979年12月，并在随后的10个月内呈波浪式发展，出现了三个明显的高峰，间隔约为六周。实际上，1980年斯德哥尔摩地区的甲型肝炎发病率相较于上一年增长了五倍。对145名男同性恋者中的98人进行了更深入的临床、血清学和社会特征研究。通过固相放射免疫测定技术检测免疫球蛋白M类甲型肝炎病毒抗体来确诊甲型肝炎。此外，64%的男性有与既往乙型肝炎相符的检查结果（乙型肝炎核心抗原抗体和/或乙型肝炎表面抗原抗体），34%的人因既往或同时感染梅毒而梅毒螺旋体制动试验呈阳性。从事高危职业很常见；因此，19%的人在餐馆工作或以其他方式处理食品，20%的人从事医疗护理工作，而瑞典普通人群中从事这两类工作的比例为1%。多性伴性行为和口交-肛交被认为在此次疫情传播中起主要作用。由于许多男同性恋者从事高危职业，甲型肝炎可能有一些传播到了普通人群中。
