Hatterer L J
Psychiatr Q. 1982 Fall;54(3):149-56. doi: 10.1007/BF01064756.
In order to understand and treat addictions one must go beyond the specific agent and practice, one must understand the addictive process. The author bases his conceptualization of an addictive process on twenty-five years of naturalistic observation, individual and group psychoanalytic psychotherapeutic treatment and therapeutic trials of one hundred and thirty-three single and poly substance and behavior addicted patients. No single addictive personality (addict) exists. People become addictive because specific etiological and constitutional factors contribute to their vulnerability to the addictive process. This process can be defined and diagnosed. It involved common inter/intrapersonal psychodynamics. One must look for the addictive complement and trigger mechanisms which can initiate and perpetuate the process. The process has a life history and stages, which can be cyclic, periodic, or sporadic. The individual can shift from one addiction to another or sustain multiple addictions at different times. Understanding the above factors is essential to making an accurate diagnosis and to treatment.
为了理解和治疗成瘾问题，人们必须超越特定的成瘾物质和行为，必须了解成瘾过程。作者基于二十五年的自然观察、个体和团体精神分析心理治疗以及对133名单一和多种物质及行为成瘾患者的治疗试验，对成瘾过程进行了概念化。不存在单一的成瘾人格（成瘾者）。人们之所以成瘾，是因为特定的病因和体质因素导致他们易受成瘾过程影响。这个过程可以被定义和诊断。它涉及常见的人际/内心心理动力学。人们必须寻找能够启动和延续这一过程的成瘾补充因素和触发机制。这个过程有其生命历程和阶段，可能是循环的、周期性的或偶发的。个体可以从一种成瘾转向另一种成瘾，或者在不同时间维持多种成瘾状态。理解上述因素对于准确诊断和治疗至关重要。
