Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Soto Street Building, Room 302, 2001 N. Soto Street, Los Angeles, California 90032, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2011 Oct;8(10):4025-38. doi: 10.3390/ijerph8104025. Epub 2011 Oct 20.
The definition of addiction is explored. Elements of addiction derived from a literature search that uncovered 52 studies include: (a) engagement in the behavior to achieve appetitive effects, (b) preoccupation with the behavior, (c) temporary satiation, (d) loss of control, and (e) suffering negative consequences. Differences from compulsions are suggested. While there is some debate on what is intended by the elements of addictive behavior, we conclude that these five constituents provide a reasonable understanding of what is intended by the concept. Conceptual challenges for future research are mentioned.
成瘾的定义得到了探讨。从一项文献研究中得出的成瘾元素包括：（a）参与行为以获得渴望的效果，（b）专注于行为，（c）暂时满足，（d）失去控制，以及（e）遭受负面后果。与强迫行为的区别被提出。虽然对于成瘾行为的元素意味着什么存在一些争议，但我们的结论是，这五个组成部分提供了对该概念含义的合理理解。提到了未来研究的概念挑战。
