Shah K H, Maxted W C, Chun B
Cancer. 1981 Feb 1;47(3):577-82. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19810201)47:3<577::aid-cncr2820470325>3.0.co;2-c.
Epidermoid cysts of the testis are rare and represent about 1% of all testicular tumors. An analysis of 141 cases reported to date in the world literature, including the cases reported here, indicates that 50% of the lesions occur in the third decade and 86% between the second and fourth decade. The most common presentations are painless enlargement of the testis (41%) for an average period of 2.25 years or incidental detection during routine physical examination (33%). Clinically, a discrete testicular nodule can be palpated in the majority of the cases (76%). Pathologic findings are those of a squamous lined cyst containing keratin with absence of appendages or other elements. It is believed that, despite the benign nature of the lesion, they should be treated by orchiectomy so that a thorough pathologic examination can be done to establish a confident diagnosis. While some controversy exists about their source of origin, all the evidence, including the age, more common occurrence among whites, and the rare reported cases arising in cryptorchid testis points to a germ cell origin for these lesions. The epidermoid cyst should thus be recognized as another subtype in the category of germ cell tumors of the testis and perhaps the ovary.
睾丸表皮样囊肿罕见，约占所有睾丸肿瘤的1%。对世界文献中迄今报道的141例病例（包括本文报道的病例）进行分析表明，50%的病变发生在第三个十年，86%发生在第二个和第四个十年之间。最常见的表现是睾丸无痛性肿大（41%），平均持续2.25年，或在常规体检时偶然发现（33%）。临床上，大多数病例（76%）可触及一个孤立的睾丸结节。病理检查结果为一个内衬鳞状上皮的囊肿，含有角蛋白，无附属器或其他成分。尽管该病变为良性，但一般认为应行睾丸切除术，以便进行全面的病理检查以明确诊断。虽然关于其起源存在一些争议，但所有证据，包括发病年龄、在白种人中更常见以及隐睾中罕见的报道病例，均表明这些病变起源于生殖细胞。因此，表皮样囊肿应被视为睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤类别中的另一种亚型，卵巢生殖细胞肿瘤可能也如此。
