Dewey C F, Bussolari S R, Gimbrone M A, Davies P F
J Biomech Eng. 1981 Aug;103(3):177-85. doi: 10.1115/1.3138276.
We have developed an in-vitro system for studying the dynamic response of vascular endothelial cells to controlled levels of fluid shear stress. Cultured monolayers of bovine aortic endothelial cells are placed in a cone-plate apparatus that produces a uniform fluid shear stress on replicate samples. Subconfluent endothelial cultures continuously exposed to 1-5 dynes/cm2 shear proliferate at a rate comparable to that of static cultures and reach the same saturation density (congruent to 1.0-1.5 X 10(5) cells/cm2). When exposed to a laminar shear stress of 5-10 dynes/cm2, confluent monolayers undergo a time-dependent change in cell shape from polygonal to ellipsoidal and become uniformly oriented with flow. Regeneration of linear "wounds" in confluent monolayer appears to be influenced by the direction of the applied force. Preliminary studies indicate that certain endothelial cell functions, including fluid endocytosis, cytoskeletal assembly and nonthrombogenic surface properties, also are sensitive to shear stress. These observations suggest that fluid mechanical forces can directly influence endothelial cell structure and function. Modulation of endothelial behavior by fluid shear stresses may be relevant to normal vessel wall physiology, as well as the pathogenesis of vascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis.
我们开发了一种体外系统，用于研究血管内皮细胞对可控水平流体剪切应力的动态反应。将培养的牛主动脉内皮细胞单层置于锥板装置中，该装置可在重复样本上产生均匀的流体剪切应力。持续暴露于1 - 5达因/平方厘米剪切力的亚汇合内皮培养物以与静态培养物相当的速率增殖，并达到相同的饱和密度（约为1.0 - 1.5×10⁵个细胞/平方厘米）。当暴露于5 - 10达因/平方厘米的层流剪切应力时，汇合的单层细胞会经历细胞形状随时间从多边形变为椭圆形的变化，并与流动方向均匀排列。汇合单层中线性“伤口”的再生似乎受施加力方向的影响。初步研究表明，某些内皮细胞功能，包括液体胞吞作用、细胞骨架组装和非血栓形成表面特性，也对剪切应力敏感。这些观察结果表明，流体机械力可直接影响内皮细胞的结构和功能。流体剪切应力对内皮行为的调节可能与正常血管壁生理学以及诸如动脉粥样硬化等血管疾病的发病机制相关。
