Levesque M J, Nerem R M
J Biomech Eng. 1985 Nov;107(4):341-7. doi: 10.1115/1.3138567.
Vascular endothelial cells appear to be aligned with the flow in the immediate vicinity of the arterial wall and have a shape which is more ellipsoidal in regions of high shear and more polygonal in regions of low shear stress. In order to study quantitatively the nature of this response, bovine aortic endothelial cells grown on Thermanox plastic coverslips were exposed to shear stress levels of 10, 30, and 85 dynes/cm2 for periods up to 24 hr using a parallel plate flow chamber. A computer-based analysis system was used to quantify the degree of cell elongation with respect to the change in cell angle of orientation and with time. The results show that (i) endothelial cells orient with the flow direction under the influence of shear stress, (ii) the time required for cell alignment with flow direction is somewhat longer than that required for cell elongation, (iii) there is a strong correlation between the degree of alignment and endothelial cell shape, and (iv) endothelial cells become more elongated when exposed to higher shear stresses.
血管内皮细胞似乎在动脉壁附近与血流方向对齐，其形状在高剪切力区域更呈椭圆形，在低剪切应力区域更呈多边形。为了定量研究这种反应的性质，使用平行板流动腔，将生长在聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯塑料盖玻片上的牛主动脉内皮细胞暴露于10、30和85达因/平方厘米的剪切应力水平下长达24小时。使用基于计算机的分析系统，根据细胞取向角度的变化和时间来定量细胞伸长程度。结果表明：（i）内皮细胞在剪切应力的影响下与血流方向取向；（ii）细胞与血流方向对齐所需的时间比细胞伸长所需的时间稍长；（iii）对齐程度与内皮细胞形状之间存在很强的相关性；（iv）内皮细胞在暴露于较高剪切应力时会变得更加伸长。
