Barr C C, McLean I W, Zimmerman L E
Arch Ophthalmol. 1981 Dec;99(12):2133-6. doi: 10.1001/archopht.1981.03930021009003.
Five-year survival data were available in 78 cases originally classified as uveal melanomas in patients less than 20 years old. Forty-two were malignant melanomas arising from the choroid and/or ciliary body; 13 patients from this group died of metastatic disease. Factors that significantly correlated with fatality were a red, painful eye, extraocular extension at enucleation, basal tumor diameter greater than 10 mm, increased mitotic activity, and tumor necrosis. There were 36 iridic tumors; nine were reclassified as nevi. Of the 27 patients with iridic melanomas, only four died of metastases. The predominant factors relating to fatal outcome were glaucoma, extension of tumor into the ciliary body, diffuse growth, deep angle invasion, scleral invasion by tumor cells, and increased mitotic activity. Except for their relative rarity, uveal melanomas in children and adolescents did not differ significantly from their counter-parts in adults.
有78例最初被归类为葡萄膜黑色素瘤的小于20岁患者的5年生存数据。其中42例为起源于脉络膜和/或睫状体的恶性黑色素瘤；该组中有13例患者死于转移性疾病。与死亡显著相关的因素包括眼红、疼痛、眼球摘除时眼外扩展、基底肿瘤直径大于10mm、有丝分裂活性增加和肿瘤坏死。有36例虹膜肿瘤；其中9例被重新分类为痣。在27例虹膜黑色素瘤患者中，只有4例死于转移。与致命结局相关的主要因素包括青光眼、肿瘤扩展至睫状体、弥漫性生长、前房角深部浸润、肿瘤细胞巩膜浸润和有丝分裂活性增加。除相对罕见外，儿童和青少年的葡萄膜黑色素瘤与成人的同类肿瘤并无显著差异。
