Cooley E J, Lajoy R
J Clin Psychol. 1980 Apr;36(2):562-70. doi: 10.1002/jclp.6120360230.
Therapeutic relationship as perceived by clients (N = 54) and therapists (N = 8) At a community mental health clinic was rated on Lorr's (1965) five main factors: Understanding, Accepting, Accepting, Critical, Independence-Encouraging, and Authoritarian (directive). These perceptions were correlated with client and therapist ratings of improvement. In addition, discrepancies between client and therapist ratings of the relationship were correlated with outcome measures. Findings indicated that client perceptions of therapists as Understanding and Accepting were correlated most highly with self-reported improvement. Therapists self-perception of Independence-Encouraging was correlated most highly with client-rated improvement, while therapists' self-perception of Accepting and Understanding was correlated most highly with therapist-rated improvement. Differences between client and therapist ratings of the Understanding and Accepting qualities of the therapeutic relationship showed the highest negative correlations with both client and therapist improvement ratings. Implications for therapeutic and research strategies are discussed.
服务对象（N = 54）和治疗师（N = 8）对社区心理健康诊所治疗关系的评价，依据洛（1965年）提出的五个主要因素进行：理解、接纳、批判、鼓励独立和专制（指导性）。这些评价与服务对象和治疗师对改善情况的评分相关。此外，服务对象和治疗师对关系的评分差异与结果测量相关。研究结果表明，服务对象对治疗师理解和接纳的认知与自我报告的改善情况相关性最高。治疗师对鼓励独立的自我认知与服务对象评定的改善情况相关性最高，而治疗师对接纳和理解的自我认知与治疗师评定的改善情况相关性最高。服务对象和治疗师对治疗关系中理解和接纳特质的评分差异与服务对象和治疗师的改善评分呈现出最高的负相关性。文中讨论了对治疗和研究策略的启示。
