Rovee-Collier C K, Sullivan M W, Enright M, Lucas D, Fagen J W
Science. 1980 Jun 6;208(4448):1159-61. doi: 10.1126/science.7375924.
Three-month-old infants learned to activate a crib mobile by means of operant footkicks. Retention of the conditioned response was assessed during a cued recall test with the nonmoving mobile. Although forgetting is typically complete after an 8-day retention interval, infants who received a reactivation treatment--a brief exposure to the reinforcer 24 hours before retention testing--showed no forgetting after retention intervals of either 2 or 4 weeks. Further, the forgetting function after a reactivation treatment did not differ from the original forgetting function. These experiments demonstrate that (i) "reactivation" or "reinstatement" is an effective mechanism by which early experiences can continue to influence behavior over lengthy intervals and (ii) memory deficits in young infants are best viewed as retrieval deficits.
三个月大的婴儿学会了通过操作性踢腿来激活婴儿床上方的活动装置。在使用静止的活动装置进行线索回忆测试期间，对条件反应的保持情况进行了评估。尽管在8天的保持间隔后遗忘通常是完全的，但接受重新激活处理的婴儿——在保持测试前24小时短暂接触强化物——在2周或4周的保持间隔后都没有表现出遗忘。此外，重新激活处理后的遗忘函数与原始遗忘函数没有差异。这些实验表明：（i）“重新激活”或“恢复”是一种有效的机制，通过该机制早期经历可以在很长一段时间内持续影响行为；（ii）幼儿的记忆缺陷最好被视为检索缺陷。
