Deal E C, McFadden E R, Ingram R H, Breslin F J, Jaeger J J
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1980 Apr;121(4):621-8. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1980.121.4.621.
Multiple aspects of pulmonary mechanics were measured before and after bronchial challenges consisting of hyperpnea with cold air inhalation in 20 normal control subjects, 16 subjects with hay fever, and 44 asymptomatic asthmatics. These challenges had no effect on the lung function of the normal subjects. In the hay fever group, however, postchallenge mechanics changed a small, but significant, amount, e.g., mean decrease in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) was -5.1 +/- 1.7% (SEM). The asthmatics had a much more marked response (mean fall in FEV1, -32.7 +/- 2.6%). There was considerable overlap between the responses of the normal subjects and those with hay fever, but no overlap at all between asthmatic and normal subjects. The only subjects with hay fever whose responses overlapped the asthmatic response were those who had histories of occasional episodes of wheezing. This pattern of response suggests that the use of hyperpnea and subfreezing air is a very sensitive and highly specific means of detecting increased air reactivity.
在20名正常对照受试者、16名花粉症患者和44名无症状哮喘患者中，在支气管激发试验前后测量了肺力学的多个方面。激发试验包括吸入冷空气的深呼吸。这些激发试验对正常受试者的肺功能没有影响。然而，在花粉症组中，激发试验后的力学参数有少量但显著的变化，例如，一秒用力呼气量（FEV1）平均下降了-5.1±1.7%（标准误）。哮喘患者的反应更为明显（FEV1平均下降-32.7±2.6%）。正常受试者和花粉症患者的反应有相当程度的重叠，但哮喘患者和正常受试者之间完全没有重叠。唯一反应与哮喘患者重叠的花粉症患者是那些有偶尔喘息发作史的患者。这种反应模式表明，使用深呼吸和冷空气是检测气道反应性增加的一种非常敏感且高度特异的方法。
