Schrauzer G N, de Vroey E
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0314.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 1994 Jan;40(1):89-101. doi: 10.1007/BF02916824.
A total of 24 subjects, 16 males and 8 females, average age 29.4 +/- 6.5 y, were randomly divided into two groups. Group A received 400 micrograms/d of lithium orally, in tablets composed of a naturally lithium-rich brewer's yeast, for 4 wk. Group B was given normal, lithium-free brewer's yeast as a placebo. All the subjects of the study were former drug users (mostly heroin and crystal methamphetamine). Some of the subjects were violent offenders or had a history of domestic violence. The subjects completed weekly self-administered mood test questionnaires, which contained 29 items covering parameters measuring mental and physical activity, ability to think and work, mood, and emotionality. In the lithium group, the total mood test scores increased steadily and significantly during the period of supplementation. The 29 items were furthermore placed into three subcategories reflecting happiness, friendliness, and energy, as well as their negative counterparts. In Group A, the scores increased consistently for all subcategories until wk 4 and remained essentially the same in wk 5. In Group B, the combined mood test scores showed no consistent changes during the same period. The only positive change in some members of Group B occurred during wk 1 and was attributed to a placebo effect. In Group B, the placebo effect was noticeable for the subcategories of energy and friendliness; the happiness scores declined during the entire period of observation. Based on these results and the analysis of voluntary written comments of study participants, it is concluded that lithium at the dosages chosen had a mood-improving and -stabilizing effect.
共有24名受试者，其中男性16名，女性8名，平均年龄29.4±6.5岁，被随机分为两组。A组口服由天然富锂啤酒酵母制成的片剂，剂量为每日400微克，持续4周。B组服用不含锂的普通啤酒酵母作为安慰剂。所有研究受试者均为曾吸毒者（主要是海洛因和冰毒）。部分受试者是暴力犯罪者或有家庭暴力史。受试者每周完成自我管理的情绪测试问卷，问卷包含29个项目，涵盖测量心理和身体活动、思维和工作能力、情绪及情感状态的参数。在锂组中，补充期间情绪测试总分稳步且显著增加。这29个项目还被分为反映快乐、友善和活力以及它们的负面状态的三个子类别。在A组中，所有子类别得分持续增加直至第4周，第5周基本保持不变。在B组中，同一时期综合情绪测试得分没有一致变化。B组部分成员唯一的积极变化发生在第1周，归因于安慰剂效应。在B组中，安慰剂效应在活力和友善子类别中明显；快乐得分在整个观察期内下降。基于这些结果以及对研究参与者自愿书面评论的分析，得出结论：所选剂量的锂具有改善和稳定情绪的作用。
