Sandhu S S, de Serres F J, Gopalan H N, Grant W F, Svendsgaard D, Velemínský J, Becking G C
Health Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711.
Mutat Res. 1994 Oct 16;310(2):257-63. doi: 10.1016/0027-5107(94)90118-x.
In the first phase of a collaborative study by the International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), four coded chemicals, i.e. azidoglycerol (AG, 3-azido-1,2-propanediol), methyl nitrosourea (MNU), sodium azide (NaN3) and maleic hydrazide (MH), and ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) as a positive control were tested in four plant bioassays, namely the Arabidopsis embryo and chlorophyll mutation assay, the Tradescantia stamen hair assay (Trad-SH assay), the Tradescantia micronucleus assay (Trad-MCN), and the Vicia faba root tip assay. Seventeen laboratories from diverse regions of the world participated with four to six laboratories each using one plant assay. For the Arabidopsis assay, laboratories were in agreement with MNU and AG giving positive responses and NaN3 giving a negative response. With the exception of one laboratory which reported MH as weakly mutagenic, no mutagenic response was reported for MH by the other laboratories. For the Vicia faba assay, all laboratories reported a positive response for MNU, AG, and MH, whereas two of the six laboratories reported a negative response for NaN3. For the Trad-SH assay, MH was reported as giving a positive response and a positive response was also observed for MNU with the exception of one laboratory. NaN3, which exhibited a relatively high degree of toxicity, elicited a positive response in three of the five laboratories. AG was found positive in only one of the two laboratories which tested this chemical. For the Trad-MCN assay, MNU and MH were reported as positive by all laboratories, while four out of five laboratories reported NaN3 to be positive. Only one of three laboratories reported AG to be positive. The major sources of variability were identified and considered to be in the same range as found in similar studies on other test systems. Recommendations were made for minor changes in methodology and for initiating the second phase of this study.
在国际化学品安全规划署（IPCS）开展的一项合作研究的第一阶段，对四种编码化学品，即叠氮甘油（AG，3-叠氮基-1,2-丙二醇）、甲基亚硝基脲（MNU）、叠氮化钠（NaN₃）和马来酰肼（MH），以及作为阳性对照的甲磺酸乙酯（EMS）进行了四种植物生物测定试验，即拟南芥胚胎和叶绿素突变试验、紫露草雄蕊毛试验（Trad-SH试验）、紫露草微核试验（Trad-MCN）和蚕豆根尖试验。来自世界不同地区的17个实验室参与了研究，每个植物试验有4至6个实验室使用。对于拟南芥试验，各实验室一致认为MNU和AG呈阳性反应，NaN₃呈阴性反应。除一个实验室报告MH有弱诱变作用外，其他实验室均未报告MH有诱变反应。对于蚕豆试验，所有实验室均报告MNU、AG和MH呈阳性反应，而六个实验室中有两个报告NaN₃呈阴性反应。对于Trad-SH试验，除一个实验室外，报告MH呈阳性反应，MNU也观察到阳性反应。毒性相对较高的NaN₃在五个实验室中的三个引起了阳性反应。在测试该化学品的两个实验室中，只有一个发现AG呈阳性。对于Trad-MCN试验，所有实验室均报告MNU和MH呈阳性，而五个实验室中有四个报告NaN₃呈阳性。三个实验室中只有一个报告AG呈阳性。确定了主要变异来源，并认为其与其他测试系统的类似研究中发现的变异来源处于同一范围。针对方法上的微小变化以及启动本研究的第二阶段提出了建议。
