Resti M, Azzari C, Lega L, Rossi M E, Zammarchi E, Novembre E, Vierucci A
Department of Pediatrics, University of Florence, Italy.
Acta Paediatr. 1995 Mar;84(3):251-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1995.tb13624.x.
Anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies and HCV-RNA were measured in the sera of 22 anti-HCV positive, HIV-1 negative mothers and their infants. ELISA and RIBA II were used for anti-HCV determination. HCV-RNA was measured by a nested polymerase chain reaction. HCV-RNA was found in 12 of 22 mothers. All 22 children were followed for 12 months. All were anti-HCV positive by the fourth month; 18 became anti-HCV negative between the 8th and 12th month. HCV-RNA was detected in 5 of 22 infants in the fourth month. They remained HCV-RNA positive. All children born to HCV-RNA negative mothers were HCV-RNA negative while 5 of 12 babies born to HCV-RNA positive mothers were infected. All five infected babies were born to mothers infected through transfusions or drug use. ALT levels in mothers seemed to have no effect on mother-to-infant transmission. Hence evidence for perinatal transmission of HCV from HCV-RNA positive mothers was demonstrated in the present study.
对22名抗丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）抗体呈阳性、HIV-1呈阴性的母亲及其婴儿的血清进行了抗HCV抗体和HCV-RNA检测。采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和重组免疫印迹试验（RIBA II）检测抗HCV。通过巢式聚合酶链反应检测HCV-RNA。在22名母亲中，有12名检测出HCV-RNA。对所有22名儿童进行了为期12个月的随访。到第四个月时，所有儿童抗HCV均呈阳性；其中18名在第8至12个月期间抗HCV转为阴性。在第四个月时，22名婴儿中有5名检测出HCV-RNA。他们的HCV-RNA一直呈阳性。HCV-RNA呈阴性的母亲所生的所有儿童HCV-RNA均为阴性，而HCV-RNA呈阳性的母亲所生的12名婴儿中有5名被感染。所有5名受感染婴儿的母亲均因输血或吸毒而感染。母亲的丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）水平似乎对母婴传播没有影响。因此，本研究证实了HCV-RNA呈阳性的母亲存在HCV围产期传播的证据。
