Shepherd R W, Gall D G, Butler D G, Hamilton J R
Gastroenterology. 1979 Jan;76(1):20-4. doi: 10.1016/S0016-5085(79)80122-5.
To understand mechanisms of viral diarrhea further, we studied ileal ion transport in vitro in relation to mucosal changes and epithelial differentiation in transmissible gastroenteritis in piglets, an invasive viral enteritis thought to involve mainly proximal intestine. In infected pigs, at the height of diarrhea, short-circuited ileal epithelium failed actively to transport Na+ and Cl-, and there was a defect of glucose-mediated Na+ transport. The Cl- secretory response to theophylline remained intact. Conductance measurements indicate that paracellular permeability may be reduced and transcellular transport may be altered. A mucosal lesion was observed at the time of the transport changes, characterized by villus blunting, crypt hyperplasia, and immature crypt-type enterocytes on the villus epithelium, deficient in disaccharidase and (Na+, K+)ATPase activity but rich in thymidine kinase. Consideration of the major determinants of diarrhea in this invasive enteritis must take into account not only altered mucosal function and differentiation but also the extent of intestinal involvement, including the ileum, a major site of fluid absorption in the intestine.
为了进一步了解病毒性腹泻的机制，我们研究了仔猪传染性胃肠炎中回肠离子转运与黏膜变化及上皮分化的关系，这是一种侵袭性病毒性肠炎，主要累及近端肠道。在感染猪腹泻高峰期，短路的回肠上皮细胞不能主动转运Na⁺和Cl⁻，且存在葡萄糖介导的Na⁺转运缺陷。对茶碱的Cl⁻分泌反应仍保持完整。电导测量表明，细胞旁通透性可能降低，跨细胞转运可能改变。在转运变化时观察到黏膜病变，其特征为绒毛变钝、隐窝增生，以及绒毛上皮上不成熟的隐窝型肠细胞，缺乏双糖酶和（Na⁺，K⁺）ATP酶活性，但富含胸苷激酶。对于这种侵袭性肠炎腹泻的主要决定因素的考量，不仅必须考虑黏膜功能和分化的改变，还必须考虑肠道受累的程度，包括回肠，它是肠道液体吸收的主要部位。
