Leske M C, Connell A M, Wu S Y, Hyman L G, Schachat A P
Department of Preventive Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook, USA.
Arch Ophthalmol. 1995 Jul;113(7):918-24. doi: 10.1001/archopht.1995.01100070092031.
To evaluate risk factors for open-angle glaucoma among black participants in the Barbados Eye Study.
Population-based study of demographic, medical, ocular, familial, and other factors possibly related to open-angle glaucoma.
The Barbados Eye Study included 4709 Barbados residents identified by a simple random sample of Barbadian-born citizens, 40 to 84 years of age; participation was 84%. This report is based on the 4314 black participants examined at the study site; 302 (7%) met the Barbados Eye Study criteria for open-angle glaucoma.
A standardized protocol included applanation tonometry, Humphrey perimetry, fundus photography, blood pressure, anthropometry, and an interview. An ophthalmologic examination was performed for participants who met specific criteria.
Open-angle glaucoma was defined by the presence of both characteristic visual field defects and optic disc damage. Association of open-angle glaucoma with specific factors was evaluated in logistic regression analyses.
Age, male gender, high intraocular pressure, and family history of open-angle glaucoma were major risk factors; the latter association was stronger in men than women. Lean body mass and cataract history were the only other factors related to open-angle glaucoma. Although hypertension and diabetes were common in Barbados Eye Study participants, they were unrelated to the prevalence of open-angle glaucoma. However, associations were found with low diastolic blood pressure-intraocular pressure differences and low systolic and diastolic blood pressure/intraocular pressure ratios.
In the Barbados Eye Study black population, persons most likely to have open-angle glaucoma were older men and had a family history of open-angle glaucoma, high intraocular pressure, lean body mass, and cataract history. These results suggest the importance of possible genetic or familial factors in open-angle glaucoma. The role of vascular risk factors is consistent with our finding of low blood pressure to intraocular pressure relationships, but the results could be explained by the high intraocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma.
在巴巴多斯眼病研究中评估黑人参与者患开角型青光眼的风险因素。
基于人群的研究，涉及人口统计学、医学、眼部、家族及其他可能与开角型青光眼相关的因素。
巴巴多斯眼病研究纳入了4709名巴巴多斯居民，这些居民通过对40至84岁的巴巴多斯出生公民进行简单随机抽样确定；参与率为84%。本报告基于在研究地点接受检查的4314名黑人参与者；其中302人（7%）符合巴巴多斯眼病研究开角型青光眼的标准。
标准化方案包括压平眼压测量、汉弗莱视野检查、眼底摄影、血压测量、人体测量以及访谈。对符合特定标准的参与者进行眼科检查。
开角型青光眼由特征性视野缺损和视盘损害共同存在来定义。在逻辑回归分析中评估开角型青光眼与特定因素的关联。
年龄、男性、高眼压以及开角型青光眼家族史是主要风险因素；后一种关联在男性中比女性更强。瘦体重和白内障病史是与开角型青光眼相关的仅有的其他因素。尽管高血压和糖尿病在巴巴多斯眼病研究参与者中很常见，但它们与开角型青光眼的患病率无关。然而，发现与低舒张压与眼压差值以及低收缩压和舒张压/眼压比值有关联。
在巴巴多斯眼病研究的黑人人群中，最有可能患开角型青光眼的人是老年男性，且有开角型青光眼家族史、高眼压、瘦体重和白内障病史。这些结果表明了可能的遗传或家族因素在开角型青光眼中的重要性。血管危险因素的作用与我们发现的血压与眼压关系较低是一致的，但结果可能由开角型青光眼中的高眼压来解释。
