病毒受体：对发病机制及抗病毒药物设计的影响
Virus receptors: implications for pathogenesis and the design of antiviral agents.
作者信息
Norkin L C
机构信息
Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003, USA.
出版信息
Clin Microbiol Rev. 1995 Apr;8(2):293-315. doi: 10.1128/CMR.8.2.293.
Abstract
A virus initiates infection by attaching to its specific receptor on the surface of a susceptible host cell. This prepares the way for the virus to enter the cell. Consequently, the expression of the receptor on specific cells and tissues of the host is a major determinant of the route of entry of the virus into the host and of the patterns of virus spread and pathogenesis in the host. This review emphasizes the virus-receptor interactions of human immunodeficiency virus, the rhinoviruses, the herpesviruses, and the coronaviruses. These interactions are often found to be complex and dynamic, involving multiple sites or factors on both the virus and the host cell. Also, the receptor may play an important role in virus entry per se in addition to its role in virus binding. In the cases of human immunodeficiency virus and the rhinoviruses, ingenious approaches to therapeutic strategies based on inhibiting virus attachment and entry are under development and in clinical trials.
摘要
病毒通过附着在易感宿主细胞表面的特定受体上引发感染。这为病毒进入细胞铺平了道路。因此，受体在宿主特定细胞和组织上的表达是病毒进入宿主的途径以及病毒在宿主体内传播和发病模式的主要决定因素。本综述着重介绍人类免疫缺陷病毒、鼻病毒、疱疹病毒和冠状病毒的病毒-受体相互作用。这些相互作用通常很复杂且具有动态性，涉及病毒和宿主细胞上的多个位点或因素。此外，受体除了在病毒结合中发挥作用外，在病毒进入本身过程中可能也起着重要作用。就人类免疫缺陷病毒和鼻病毒而言，基于抑制病毒附着和进入的巧妙治疗策略正在研发中并已进入临床试验阶段。
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