D'Hooghe T M, Bambra C S, Raeymaekers B M, De Jonge I, Lauweryns J M, Koninckx P R
Institute of Primate Research, Nairobi, Kenya.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1995 Jul;173(1):125-34. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(95)90180-9.
The Sampson hypothesis of retrograde menstruation as a cause of endometriosis was tested by determining the effect of intrapelvic injection of menstrual versus luteal endometrium on the incidence, peritoneal involvement, and stage of endometriosis.
Seventeen baboons were injected retroperitoneally with luteal (n = 6) or menstrual (n = 7) endometrium and intraperitoneally with menstrual endometrium (n = 4). Laparoscopies were performed after 2 months in all animals and after 5 and 12 months in six and five primates injected with luteal and menstrual endometrium, respectively.
The peritoneal endometriosis surface area, number of implants, and incidence of typical and red subtle lesions were significantly higher after retroperitoneal injection of menstrual than of luteal endometrium. By use of menstrual endometrium intraperitoneal seeding was more successful in causing endometriosis than was retroperitoneal injection. No significant changes in number or surface area of endometriotic lesions induced with retroperitoneal injection of luteal endometrium after 5 months were observed in the six baboons. At repeat laparoscopy 12 months after intrapelvic injection of menstrual endometrium progression was recorded in three of four regularly cycling animals, whereas regression was evident in one baboon that had become amenorrheic after induction.
Intrapelvic injection of menstrual endometrium can cause peritoneal endometriosis and offers experimental evidence supporting the Sampson hypothesis.
通过确定盆腔内注射月经内膜与黄体期内膜对子宫内膜异位症的发病率、腹膜累及情况及分期的影响，来验证逆行月经导致子宫内膜异位症的桑普森假说。
17只狒狒被腹膜后注射黄体期内膜（n = 6）或月经内膜（n = 7），并腹腔内注射月经内膜（n = 4）。所有动物在2个月后进行腹腔镜检查，分别对6只注射黄体期内膜和5只注射月经内膜的灵长类动物在5个月和12个月后进行腹腔镜检查。
腹膜后注射月经内膜后，腹膜子宫内膜异位症的表面积、植入物数量以及典型和红色细微病变的发生率显著高于注射黄体期内膜后。通过使用月经内膜，腹腔内播种比腹膜后注射更成功地导致子宫内膜异位症。在6只狒狒中，腹膜后注射黄体期内膜5个月后，所诱导的子宫内膜异位症病变的数量或表面积未观察到显著变化。在盆腔内注射月经内膜12个月后的重复腹腔镜检查中，4只规律周期动物中有3只记录到病情进展，而1只诱导后闭经的狒狒病情明显消退。
盆腔内注射月经内膜可导致腹膜子宫内膜异位症，并提供了支持桑普森假说的实验证据。
