Moss H B, Mezzich A, Yao J K, Gavaler J, Martin C S
Center for Education and Drug Abuse Research, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 1995 May;21(2):195-208. doi: 10.3109/00952999509002688.
An association between childhood aggression and risk for subsequent development of a substance abuse disorder is now well-accepted. In order to better understand the relationship between the presence of paternal substance abuse and aggression among their offspring, 10-12 year old sons of fathers with (n = 34) and without (n = 39) a history of a substance abuse disorder were contrasted on demographics, aggressivity, biological indices of reproductive maturation, and the presence of psychiatric diagnoses. In addition, personality factors, the potential for physical abuse, and psychiatric diagnoses were also ascertained among their fathers. Sons of substance-abusing fathers were found to be significantly more aggressive than sons of nonsubstance abusers. However, they also differed from comparison boys on the basis of SES and school grade attained, as well as the proportion with specific psychiatric disorders. Substance-abusing fathers differed from nonsubstance-abusing men in terms of personality factors and the presence of specific psychiatric disorders, including antisocial personality. They also showed significantly higher child abuse potential scores. A multiple regression analysis of factors contributing to aggression in the boys revealed that a paternal personality factor characterized by stress reactivity, alienation, and aggression was the most robust contributor to aggression among the boys. The boys' diagnoses of attention deficit disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and lower household socioeconomic status were also significant predictors of aggressivity. Contrary to expectations, paternal, psychiatric diagnoses, substance abuse status, and potential for physical abuse were noncontributory. The results suggest potential mechanisms by which both aggression and risk for substance abuse may be transmitted from father to son.
儿童期攻击行为与随后发生物质使用障碍风险之间的关联现已得到广泛认可。为了更好地理解父亲物质使用障碍的存在与其后代攻击行为之间的关系，对有（n = 34）和无（n = 39）物质使用障碍病史的父亲的10 - 12岁儿子在人口统计学、攻击性、生殖成熟的生物学指标以及精神疾病诊断方面进行了对比。此外，还确定了他们父亲的人格因素、身体虐待可能性以及精神疾病诊断情况。发现有物质使用障碍的父亲的儿子比无物质使用障碍的父亲的儿子明显更具攻击性。然而，他们在社会经济地位、学业成绩以及患有特定精神疾病的比例方面也与对照组男孩存在差异。有物质使用障碍的父亲在人格因素以及特定精神疾病（包括反社会人格）的存在方面与无物质使用障碍的男性不同。他们还显示出明显更高的虐待儿童可能性得分。对导致男孩攻击性的因素进行的多元回归分析表明，以应激反应性、疏离感和攻击性为特征的父亲人格因素是男孩攻击性的最有力促成因素。男孩的注意力缺陷障碍、对立违抗障碍诊断以及较低的家庭社会经济地位也是攻击性的重要预测因素。与预期相反，父亲的精神疾病诊断、物质使用状况以及身体虐待可能性并无贡献。结果提示了攻击行为和物质使用障碍风险可能从父亲传递给儿子的潜在机制。
