Ruthruff E, Miller J
Department of Psychology, UCSD, La Jolla 92093-0109, USA.
Percept Psychophys. 1995 Jul;57(5):715-23. doi: 10.3758/bf03213275.
Negative priming effects have been offered as evidence that distractor stimuli are identified. We conducted two experiments to determine if such effects occur even when it is easy to discriminate target from distractor stimuli. In Experiment 1, we found the usual negative priming effect when target and distractor positions varied from trial to trail, but not when these positions remained fixed. Experiment 2 extended these results to a situation where the ease of selection varied only in the prime display. These findings argue that irrelevant inputs can be filtered out prior to stimulus identification under certain circumstances and therefore pose problems for strict late selection theories.
负启动效应被视为分心刺激被识别的证据。我们进行了两项实验，以确定即使在很容易区分目标刺激和分心刺激的情况下，是否也会出现这种效应。在实验1中，当目标和分心刺激的位置在不同试次间变化时，我们发现了通常的负启动效应，但当这些位置保持固定时则未发现。实验2将这些结果扩展到了一种仅在启动显示中选择难易程度有所变化的情况。这些发现表明，在某些情况下，无关输入可以在刺激识别之前被过滤掉，因此给严格的晚期选择理论带来了问题。
