Burger J, Gochfeld M
Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08855-1059, USA.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1995 Aug;29(2):192-7. doi: 10.1007/BF00212970.
Concentrations of five metals and selenium in the eggs of herring gulls (Larus argentatus) were examined at a breeding colony on western Long Island, New York from 1989 to 1994. There were significant yearly differences in lead, cadmium, mercury, selenium, chromium, and manganese. Chromium and cadmium were significantly higher in 1993 compared to the other years. Lead levels were highest in 1989, and were uniformly lower in the succeeding four years. Manganese showed no clear pattern. Selenium concentrations decreased from 1991 through 1994, whereas mercury increased from 1992 through 1994. Generally, concentrations of cadmium were similar to those reported for avian eggs from elsewhere; mercury and lead were within the range, but were at the high end; and chromium concentrations were higher than elsewhere. For all years combined, there was a positive correlation between lead and cadmium concentrations and between chromium and manganese, and a negative correlation between lead and mercury concentrations. In conclusion, egg contents can be used to monitor heavy metal concentrations, but consecutive years must be examined because concentrations can vary significantly among years. Ideally, data are needed for more than three years before trends, or lack thereof, can be determined.
1989年至1994年期间，在纽约长岛西部的一个繁殖地对银鸥（Larus argentatus）蛋中的五种金属和硒的浓度进行了检测。铅、镉、汞、硒、铬和锰的含量存在显著的年度差异。与其他年份相比，1993年的铬和镉含量显著更高。铅含量在1989年最高，在随后的四年中一直较低。锰没有明显的规律。硒浓度从1991年到1994年下降，而汞从1992年到1994年上升。一般来说，镉的浓度与其他地方鸟类蛋中报告的浓度相似；汞和铅在该范围内，但处于较高水平；铬的浓度高于其他地方。综合所有年份来看，铅和镉的浓度之间以及铬和锰之间呈正相关，铅和汞的浓度之间呈负相关。总之，蛋的成分可用于监测重金属浓度，但必须检查连续的年份，因为不同年份的浓度可能有显著差异。理想情况下，在确定趋势或缺乏趋势之前，需要三年以上的数据。
