Dishion T J, Andrews D W
Oregon Social Learning Center, Eugene 97401, USA.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 1995 Aug;63(4):538-48. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.63.4.538.
The study tested alternative intervention strategies to reduce escalation in problem behaviors among high-risk young adolescents (11 to 14 years old). A total of 158 families with young adolescents (male and female) participated in this study. Of these, 119 families were randomly assigned to 1 of the following intervention conditions: (a) parent focus, (b) teen focus, (c) parent and teen focus, (d) self-directed change (materials only). In addition, 39 families of young adolescents were recruited as a quasi-experimental control. Parent focus and teen focus interventions resulted in immediate beneficial effects in observed and reported family conflict. The parent intervention conditions showed immediate beneficial effects on behavior problems at school. Longitudinal trends suggest that the parent focus condition may reduce subsequent tobacco use, compared with all other approaches. Interventions that aggregated high-risk youths into groups, however, showed the highest escalations in tobacco use and problem behavior at school, beginning at termination and persisting to follow-up. These findings are discussed with respect to the need to re-evaluate strategies that aggregate high-risk youths into intervention programs and focus more on strategies to engage parents in prevention.
该研究测试了替代干预策略，以减少高危青少年（11至14岁）问题行为的升级。共有158个有青少年（男女皆有）的家庭参与了这项研究。其中，119个家庭被随机分配到以下干预条件之一：（a）以父母为重点，（b）以青少年为重点，（c）以父母和青少年为重点，（d）自我导向改变（仅提供材料）。此外，39个有青少年的家庭被招募作为准实验对照组。以父母为重点和以青少年为重点的干预措施在观察到的和报告的家庭冲突中产生了即时有益效果。父母干预条件对学校的行为问题显示出即时有益效果。纵向趋势表明，与所有其他方法相比，以父母为重点的条件可能会减少随后的烟草使用。然而，将高危青少年聚集在一起分组的干预措施，从干预结束时开始并持续到随访阶段，在学校的烟草使用和问题行为方面显示出最高的升级情况。针对重新评估将高危青少年聚集到干预项目中的策略以及更多关注让父母参与预防的策略的必要性，对这些发现进行了讨论。
