Lima A A, Lima N L, Pinho M C, Barros Juñior E A, Teixeira M J, Martins M C, Guerrant R L
Clinical Research Unit/Clinical Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995 Jan;39(1):256-9. doi: 10.1128/AAC.39.1.256.
The occurrence and antimicrobial resistance pattern of Shigella isolates obtained from persons in community and hospital-based studies of diarrhea and matched controls in northeastern Brazil were studied. The isolation rate of Shigella spp. from patients with diarrhea during 1988 to 1993 varied from 4.5% (26 of 575) for the urban community of Gonçalves Dias to 6.7% (12 of 179) and 5.9% (7 of 119) for Hospital Infantil and Hospital Universitário, respectively. Of the 55 Shigella isolates (45 from patients with diarrhea, 8 from controls, and 2 undetermined) 73% (40 of 55) were Shigella flexneri, 16% (9 of 55) were S. sonnei, 7% (4 of 55) were S. boydii, and 4% (2 of 55) were S. dysenteriae. Of 39 S. flexneri strains, over half were resistant to ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, or both. Over 64% were resistant to streptomycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline. Overall, 82% of all S. flexneri isolates were resistant to four or more antimicrobial agents tested. As elsewhere, in the northeast of Brazil, ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole are no longer reliable for treatment of S. flexneri infection. Most Shigella strains were resistant to four or more antimicrobial agents. Nalidixic acid was still useful for treatment of infections due to S. flexneri.
对从巴西东北部腹泻患者及匹配对照的社区和医院研究中获得的志贺氏菌分离株的发生情况及抗菌药物耐药模式进行了研究。1988年至1993年期间，腹泻患者中志贺氏菌属的分离率在Gonçalves Dias城市社区为4.5%（575例中的26例），在婴儿医院和大学医院分别为6.7%（179例中的12例）和5.9%（119例中的7例）。在55株志贺氏菌分离株中（45株来自腹泻患者，8株来自对照，2株未确定），73%（55株中的40株）为福氏志贺氏菌，16%（55株中的9株）为宋内志贺氏菌，7%（55株中的4株）为鲍氏志贺氏菌，4%（55株中的2株）为痢疾志贺氏菌。在39株福氏志贺氏菌菌株中，超过一半对氨苄西林、甲氧苄啶 - 磺胺甲恶唑或两者耐药。超过64%对链霉素、氯霉素和四环素耐药。总体而言，所有福氏志贺氏菌分离株中有82%对四种或更多测试抗菌药物耐药。与其他地方一样，在巴西东北部，氨苄西林和甲氧苄啶 - 磺胺甲恶唑不再可靠用于治疗福氏志贺氏菌感染。大多数志贺氏菌菌株对四种或更多抗菌药物耐药。萘啶酸仍可用于治疗福氏志贺氏菌引起的感染。
