Barros F C, Victora C G, Semer T C, Tonioli Filho S, Tomasi E, Weiderpass E
Departamento de Medicina Social, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Brazil.
Pediatrics. 1995 Apr;95(4):497-9.
To determine the relationship between pacifier use at 1 month of age to the duration of breast-feeding to 6 months of age.
Longitudinal study of infants from birth to 6 months of age.
Six hundred five rooming-in infants born at the largest hospital in Guarujá, São Paulo, Brazil, during January and February 1993.
Prevalence of breast-feeding (exclusive, predominant, and complementary) at 1, 4, and 6 months of age.
Relative risk for weaning between 1 and 6 months of age was 3.84 (95% confidence interval 2.65-5.50) for pacifier users at 1 month of age, compared with nonusers. When an adjustment was made for possible confounding variables through Cox regression analysis, the relative risk dropped to 2.87 (95% confidence interval 1.97-419).
Pacifier use is highly correlated with early weaning, even after controlling for possible confounders. Until it is determined if pacifier use is causally related to weaning or is a marker for other undetermined causes, pacifier use probably should not be recommended for breast-fed infants.
确定1月龄时使用安抚奶嘴与6月龄时母乳喂养持续时间之间的关系。
对从出生到6月龄婴儿的纵向研究。
1993年1月和2月在巴西圣保罗瓜鲁雅最大医院出生的605名母婴同室的婴儿。
1、4和6月龄时母乳喂养（纯母乳喂养、主要母乳喂养和补充母乳喂养）的发生率。
1月龄时使用安抚奶嘴的婴儿在1至6月龄期间断奶的相对风险为3.84（95%置信区间2.65 - 5.50），而未使用者为对照。通过Cox回归分析对可能的混杂变量进行校正后，相对风险降至2.87（95%置信区间1.97 - 4.19）。
即使在控制了可能的混杂因素后，使用安抚奶嘴仍与早期断奶高度相关。在确定使用安抚奶嘴是否与断奶存在因果关系或是否是其他未确定原因的标志之前，可能不应建议母乳喂养的婴儿使用安抚奶嘴。
