Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
BMC Pediatr. 2012 Jan 19;12:7. doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-12-7.
The use of pacifiers is commonplace in Australia and has been shown to be negatively associated with breastfeeding duration. In order to influence behaviour related to the use of pacifiers it is important to understand the reasons for their use. The primary aim of this observational study was to investigate who (if anyone) advises first-time mothers to give a pacifier and the reasons for which they first give (or try to give) a pacifier to their infant. Additionally, this study investigated the predictors of pacifier use and the relationship between pacifier use and breastfeeding duration.
In total, 670 Australian first-time mothers recruited as part of the NOURISH trial completed a questionnaire regarding infant feeding and pacifier use.
Pacifiers were introduced by 79% of mothers, of whom 28.7% were advised to use a pacifier by their mother/mother-in-law with a further 22.7% being advised by a midwife. The majority of mothers used a pacifier in order to soothe their infant (78.3%), to help put them to sleep (57.4%) and to keep them comforted and quiet (40.4%). Pacifiers given to infants before four weeks (adjHR 3.67; 95%CI 2.14-6.28) and used most days (adjHR 3.28; 95%CI 1.92-5.61) were significantly associated with shorter duration of breastfeeding.
This study identifies an opportunity for educating new mothers and their support network, particularly their infant's grandmothers, with regards to potential risks associated with the early and frequent use of a pacifier, and alternative methods for soothing their infant, in order to reduce the use of pacifiers and their potentially negative effect on breastfeeding duration.
安抚奶嘴在澳大利亚很常见，已被证明与母乳喂养时间呈负相关。为了影响与安抚奶嘴使用相关的行为，了解其使用的原因很重要。本观察性研究的主要目的是调查谁（如果有的话）建议初产妇使用安抚奶嘴，以及他们最初给（或试图给）婴儿使用安抚奶嘴的原因。此外，本研究还调查了安抚奶嘴使用的预测因素以及安抚奶嘴使用与母乳喂养时间的关系。
共有 670 名参与 NOURISH 试验的澳大利亚初产妇完成了一份关于婴儿喂养和安抚奶嘴使用的问卷。
79%的母亲给婴儿使用了安抚奶嘴，其中 28.7%是经母亲/婆婆建议使用安抚奶嘴，另有 22.7%是经助产士建议使用安抚奶嘴。大多数母亲使用安抚奶嘴是为了安抚婴儿（78.3%）、帮助婴儿入睡（57.4%）以及让婴儿感到舒适和安静（40.4%）。在四周前（调整后的 HR 3.67；95%CI 2.14-6.28）和每天使用最多（调整后的 HR 3.28；95%CI 1.92-5.61）的婴儿给予安抚奶嘴与母乳喂养时间更短显著相关。
本研究确定了一个机会，可以对新产妇及其支持网络（特别是婴儿的祖母）进行教育，让她们了解早期频繁使用安抚奶嘴与母乳喂养时间缩短之间的潜在风险，以及替代安抚婴儿的方法，以减少安抚奶嘴的使用及其对母乳喂养时间的潜在负面影响。
