Bell M D, Lysaker P H, Milstein R M, Beam-Goulet J L
Psychology Service, Veterans Administration Medical Center, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.
Psychiatry Res. 1994 Oct;54(1):51-8. doi: 10.1016/0165-1781(94)90064-7.
Cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia may represent a separate component of the disorder that is distinct from positive or negative syndromes. In a previous study, we reported a factor analysis of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) that revealed five components, one of which we labeled the Cognitive component. In the present study, we explored the validity of the PANSS Cognitive component by examining correlations between neuropsychological measures and the five factor-analytically derived PANSS scores for 147 subjects with diagnoses of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Higher scores on the PANSS Cognitive component were significantly correlated with poorer performance on all neuropsychological tests, including the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), the Digit Symbol Substitution Task, the Slosson Intelligence Test, and the Gorham Proverbs Test. Multiple regression revealed that these test scores explained 37% of the variance in the Cognitive component score. Neuropsychological tests have very limited associations with the other PANSS components. These results suggest that the Cognitive component of the PANSS is a valid measure of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia, and they support the hypothesis that Cognitive impairment is a distinctive feature of schizophrenia independent of positive and negative syndromes.
精神分裂症的认知症状可能代表该疾病的一个独立组成部分，有别于阳性或阴性症状。在之前的一项研究中，我们报告了对阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）的因子分析，该分析揭示了五个组成部分，其中一个我们标记为认知成分。在本研究中，我们通过检查神经心理学测量与147名被诊断为精神分裂症或分裂情感性障碍的受试者的五个经因子分析得出的PANSS分数之间的相关性，探讨了PANSS认知成分的有效性。PANSS认知成分得分越高，与所有神经心理学测试的较差表现显著相关，包括威斯康星卡片分类测试（WCST）、数字符号替换任务、斯洛森智力测试和戈尔曼谚语测试。多元回归显示，这些测试分数解释了认知成分得分中37%的方差。神经心理学测试与其他PANSS成分的关联非常有限。这些结果表明，PANSS的认知成分是精神分裂症认知缺陷的有效测量指标，并且支持了认知障碍是精神分裂症独立于阳性和阴性症状的一个显著特征这一假设。
