Sipilä S, Suominen H
Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1995 Jan;78(1):334-40. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1995.78.1.334.
The effects of 18 wk of intensive strength and endurance training on knee extensor, knee flexor, and lower leg muscle mass and composition were studied in 76- to 78-yr-old women. Muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), lean tissue CSA, and relative proportion of fat were determined using computed tomography. The strength-trained women increased their total muscle lean tissue CSA of the thigh (1.5%; P = 0.035), quadriceps CSA (4.5%; P = 0.021), quadriceps lean tissue CSA (5.8%, P = 0.009), and mean Hounsfield unit of the lower leg muscles (11.2%; P = 0.035) compared with the changes that occurred in the control group during the experiment. The change in quadriceps lean tissue CSA because of the strength training was also significant compared with that in the endurance group. The relative proportion of fat within the quadriceps muscle decreased due to the strength training compared with the changes that occurred in the endurance group. The results show that intensive strength training can induce skeletal muscle hypertrophy in elderly women and thereby also reduce the relative amount of intramuscular fat, whereas the effects of endurance training are negligible.
在76至78岁的女性中，研究了18周强化力量和耐力训练对膝关节伸肌、屈肌以及小腿肌肉质量和组成的影响。使用计算机断层扫描确定肌肉横截面积（CSA）、瘦组织CSA和脂肪相对比例。与实验期间对照组发生的变化相比，进行力量训练的女性大腿总肌肉瘦组织CSA增加了1.5%（P = 0.035），股四头肌CSA增加了4.5%（P = 0.021），股四头肌瘦组织CSA增加了5.8%（P = 0.009），小腿肌肉的平均亨氏单位增加了11.2%（P = 0.035）。与耐力训练组相比，力量训练导致的股四头肌瘦组织CSA变化也很显著。与耐力训练组发生的变化相比，力量训练使股四头肌内的脂肪相对比例降低。结果表明，强化力量训练可诱导老年女性骨骼肌肥大，从而也减少肌肉内脂肪的相对含量，而耐力训练的效果可忽略不计。
