Bergqvist U, Wolgast E, Nilsson B, Voss M
Department of Neuromedicine, National Institute of Occupational Health, Solna, Sweden.
Ergonomics. 1995 Apr;38(4):754-62. doi: 10.1080/00140139508925147.
Relationships between visual display terminal (VDT) use and musculoskeletal problems were examined in a group of 353 office workers, using data from medical and workplace investigations as well as questionnaires. There were no general differences between VDT and non-VDT users as to the occurrence of muscle problems. Combinations of specific VDT work situations such as data entry work or work with a VDT for more than 20 h/week and the presence of some other factors were, however, associated with excess risks of certain muscle problems. The extraneous factors involved in the definitions of such risk groups were: use of bifocal or progressive glasses at a VDT; stomach-related stress reactions; limited rest break opportunity; repetitive movements; non-use of lower arm support; and possibly the vertical position of the keyboard; and presence of specular glare.
利用医学调查、工作场所调查及问卷调查所获数据，对353名办公室职员进行研究，以探讨视觉显示终端（VDT）的使用与肌肉骨骼问题之间的关系。在肌肉问题的发生方面，VDT使用者与非VDT使用者并无总体差异。然而，特定VDT工作情形的组合，如数据录入工作或每周使用VDT超过20小时，再加上其他一些因素，与某些肌肉问题的额外风险相关。此类风险群体定义中涉及的外部因素包括：在VDT前使用双焦点或渐进多焦点眼镜；与胃部相关的应激反应；休息机会有限；重复性动作；未使用下臂支撑；以及可能的键盘垂直位置；还有镜面眩光的存在。
