Bergqvist U, Wolgast E, Nilsson B, Voss M
Department of Neuromedicine, National Institute of Occupational Health, Solna, Sweden.
Ergonomics. 1995 Apr;38(4):754-62. doi: 10.1080/00140139508925147.
Relationships between visual display terminal (VDT) use and musculoskeletal problems were examined in a group of 353 office workers, using data from medical and workplace investigations as well as questionnaires. There were no general differences between VDT and non-VDT users as to the occurrence of muscle problems. Combinations of specific VDT work situations such as data entry work or work with a VDT for more than 20 h/week and the presence of some other factors were, however, associated with excess risks of certain muscle problems. The extraneous factors involved in the definitions of such risk groups were: use of bifocal or progressive glasses at a VDT; stomach-related stress reactions; limited rest break opportunity; repetitive movements; non-use of lower arm support; and possibly the vertical position of the keyboard; and presence of specular glare.
利用医学调查、工作场所调查及问卷调查所获数据,对353名办公室职员进行研究,以探讨视觉显示终端(VDT)的使用与肌肉骨骼问题之间的关系。在肌肉问题的发生方面,VDT使用者与非VDT使用者并无总体差异。然而,特定VDT工作情形的组合,如数据录入工作或每周使用VDT超过20小时,再加上其他一些因素,与某些肌肉问题的额外风险相关。此类风险群体定义中涉及的外部因素包括:在VDT前使用双焦点或渐进多焦点眼镜;与胃部相关的应激反应;休息机会有限;重复性动作;未使用下臂支撑;以及可能的键盘垂直位置;还有镜面眩光的存在。