Mandel J S, McLaughlin J K, Schlehofer B, Mellemgaard A, Helmert U, Lindblad P, McCredie M, Adami H O
Division of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
Int J Cancer. 1995 May 29;61(5):601-5. doi: 10.1002/ijc.2910610503.
The relationship between renal-cell cancer (RCC) and occupation was investigated in an international multicenter population-based case-control study. Study centers in Australia, Denmark, Germany, Sweden and the United States interviewed 1732 incident RCC cases and 2309 controls. Significant associations were found with employment in the blast-furnace or the coke-oven industry [relative risk (RR), 1.7; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.1-2.7], the iron and steel industry (RR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2-2.2) and exposure to asbestos (RR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.8), cadmium (RR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.0-3.9), dry-cleaning solvents (RR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.7), gasoline (RR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2-2.0) and other petroleum products (RR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.3-2.1). Asbestos, petroleum products and dry-cleaning solvents appear to merit further investigation, in view of the relationship between risk and duration of employment or exposure and after adjustment for confounding. There was a negative association between RCC and education, but it was not consistent across all centers. Overall, the results of our multicenter case-control study suggest that occupation may be more important in the etiology of RCC than indicated by earlier studies.
在一项基于国际多中心人群的病例对照研究中，对肾细胞癌（RCC）与职业之间的关系进行了调查。澳大利亚、丹麦、德国、瑞典和美国的研究中心对1732例新发RCC病例和2309名对照进行了访谈。结果发现，在鼓风炉或炼焦炉行业就业[相对危险度（RR），1.7；95%置信区间（CI），1.1 - 2.7]、钢铁行业（RR，1.6；95%CI，1.2 - 2.2）以及接触石棉（RR，1.4；95%CI，1.1 - 1.8）、镉（RR，2.0；95%CI，1.0 - 3.9）、干洗溶剂（RR，1.4；95%CI，1.1 - 1.7）、汽油（RR，1.6；95%CI，1.2 - 2.0）和其他石油产品（RR，1.6；95%CI，1.3 - 2.1）之间存在显著关联。鉴于风险与就业或接触持续时间之间的关系以及在对混杂因素进行调整后，石棉、石油产品和干洗溶剂似乎值得进一步研究。RCC与教育之间存在负相关，但在所有中心并不一致。总体而言，我们多中心病例对照研究的结果表明，职业在RCC病因学中的作用可能比早期研究所显示的更为重要。
