Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, 6120 Executive Boulevard, MSC 7242, Bethesda, MD 20892-7242, USA.
BMC Cancer. 2012 Aug 8;12:344. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-344.
The role of occupation in the etiology of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is unclear. Here, we investigated associations between employment in specific occupations and industries and RCC, and its most common histologic subtype, clear cell RCC (ccRCC).
Between 2002 and 2007, a population-based case-control study of Caucasians and African Americans (1,217 cases; 1,235 controls) was conducted within the Detroit and Chicago metropolitan areas to investigate risk factors for RCC. As part of this study, occupational histories were ascertained through in-person interviews. We computed odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) relating occupation and industry to RCC risk using adjusted unconditional logistic regression models.
Employment in the agricultural crop production industry for five years or more was associated with RCC (OR = 3.3 [95% CI = 1.0-11.5]) and ccRCC in particular (OR = 6.3 [95% CI = 1.7-23.3], P for trend with duration of employment = 0.0050). Similarly, RCC risk was elevated for employment of five years or longer in non-managerial agricultural and related occupations (ORRCC = 2.1 [95% CI = 1.0-4.5]; ORccRCC = 3.1 [95% CI = 1.4-6.8]). Employment in the dry-cleaning industry was also associated with elevated risk (ORRCC = 2.0 [95% CI = 0.9-4.4], P for trend = 0.093; ORccRCC = 3.0 [95% CI = 1.2-7.4], P for trend = 0.031). Suggestive elevated associations were observed for police/public safety workers, health care workers and technicians, and employment in the electronics, auto repair, and cleaning/janitorial services industries; protective associations were suggested for many white-collar jobs including computer science and administrative occupations as well employment in the business, legislative, and education industries.
Our findings provide support for an elevated risk of RCC in the agricultural and dry-cleaning industries and suggest that these associations may be stronger for the ccRCC subtype. Additional studies are needed to confirm these findings.
职业在肾细胞癌（RCC）发病机制中的作用尚不清楚。在这里，我们研究了特定职业和行业的就业与 RCC 及其最常见的组织学亚型透明细胞 RCC（ccRCC）之间的关联。
在底特律和芝加哥大都市区，我们于 2002 年至 2007 年间进行了一项针对白人和非裔美国人的基于人群的病例对照研究，以调查 RCC 的危险因素。作为这项研究的一部分，通过面对面访谈确定了职业史。我们使用调整后的非条件逻辑回归模型计算了与职业和行业相关的 RCC 风险的比值比（OR）和 95％置信区间（CI）。
从事农业作物生产行业五年或以上与 RCC（OR=3.3 [95％CI=1.0-11.5]）特别是 ccRCC（OR=6.3 [95％CI=1.7-23.3]，P 与就业持续时间的趋势=0.0050）相关。同样，从事五年或以上非管理农业及相关职业（ORccRCC=3.1 [95％CI=1.4-6.8]）也与 RCC 风险升高相关。从事干洗行业也与风险升高相关（ORccRCC=3.0 [95％CI=1.2-7.4]，P 趋势=0.031）。警察/公共安全工作者、医护人员和技术人员以及从事电子、汽车维修和清洁/看门人服务行业的工作也显示出升高的关联性；白领工作包括计算机科学和行政职业以及商业、立法和教育行业的就业则提示具有保护作用。
我们的研究结果支持农业和干洗行业 RCC 风险升高的观点，并提示这些关联对于 ccRCC 亚型可能更强。需要进一步的研究来证实这些发现。
