Swan G E, Carmelli D
Health Sciences Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, Calif. 94025.
Am J Public Health. 1995 Jan;85(1):73-7. doi: 10.2105/ajph.85.1.73.
Data from two surveys of the National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council Twin Registry, conducted 16 years apart, were used to determine characteristics of individuals that were predictive of excessive weight gain after smoking cessation.
Over the follow-up, 2179 men quit smoking and averaged a weight gain of 3.5 kg. Quitters were grouped into four categories of weight change: lost weight, no change, gained weight, and excessive weight gain ("super-gainers").
In comparison with quitters reporting no change in weight, super-gainers were younger, were of lower socioeconomic status, and differed on a number of health habits before quitting (all Ps < .05). At follow-up, super-gainers reported changes in health habits that were significantly different from those seen in quitters reporting stable weight (all Ps < .05). Pairwise concordance for weight change in 146 monozygotic and 111 dizygotic twin pairs in which both twins quit smoking was significantly greater in monozygotic than dizygotic pairs (P < .01).
These results indicate that super-gainers differ in important ways from those who do not gain weight after smoking cessation and that these weight changes may be influenced by underlying genetic factors.
利用美国国家科学院-国家研究委员会双胞胎登记处相隔16年进行的两项调查数据，确定那些能够预测戒烟后体重过度增加的个体特征。
在随访期间，2179名男性戒烟，平均体重增加3.5千克。戒烟者被分为体重变化的四类：体重减轻、无变化、体重增加和体重过度增加（“超级增重者”）。
与报告体重无变化的戒烟者相比，超级增重者更年轻，社会经济地位较低，并且在戒烟前的一些健康习惯方面存在差异（所有P值<0.05）。在随访时，超级增重者报告的健康习惯变化与体重稳定的戒烟者明显不同（所有P值<0.05）。在146对同卵双胞胎和111对异卵双胞胎中，双胞胎都戒烟，同卵双胞胎体重变化的成对一致性显著高于异卵双胞胎（P<0.01）。
这些结果表明，超级增重者与戒烟后体重未增加的人在重要方面存在差异，并且这些体重变化可能受到潜在遗传因素的影响。
