Davis C A, Brady M P, Hamilton R, McEvoy M A, Williams R E
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
J Appl Behav Anal. 1994 Winter;27(4):619-37. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1994.27-619.
High-probability requests were used to increase social interactions in 3 young boys with severe disabilities who had been identified as severely socially withdrawn. A multiple baseline design across participants was used to evaluate the effects of high-probability request intervention on (a) social initiations, (b) social responses, (c) continued interactions, and (d) performance of high- and low-probability requests. The students were observed in a second setting to examine generalization effects across peers who did not participate in the training sequence and settings. The results demonstrated that the high-probability requests increased the students' responsiveness to low-probability requests to initiate social behavior. Increases were also found in (a) unprompted initiations and extended interactions to the training peers, (b) unprompted initiations and extended interactions to peers who were not involved in the training procedure, and (c) generalized unprompted initiations and interactions in a second nontraining setting. The students maintained increased levels of initiations and interactions after all prompts were removed from both the training and nontraining settings.
高概率请求被用于增加3名严重残疾且被认定为严重社交退缩的小男孩的社交互动。采用跨参与者的多基线设计来评估高概率请求干预对以下方面的影响：(a) 社交发起，(b) 社交回应，(c) 持续互动，以及(d) 高概率和低概率请求的执行情况。在第二种环境中观察这些学生，以检验对未参与训练序列和环境的同伴的泛化效果。结果表明，高概率请求提高了学生对发起社交行为的低概率请求的反应性。还发现了以下方面的增加：(a) 对训练同伴的自发发起和延长互动，(b) 对未参与训练程序的同伴的自发发起和延长互动，以及(c) 在第二个非训练环境中的泛化自发发起和互动。在从训练和非训练环境中去除所有提示后，学生们保持了发起和互动水平的提高。
