Cacioppo J T, Berntson G G, Binkley P F, Quigley K S, Uchino B N, Fieldstone A
Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210-1222.
Psychophysiology. 1994 Nov;31(6):586-98. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1994.tb02351.x.
Heart period, systolic time intervals, low and high frequency heart period variability, blood pressure, and respiration were measured in female subjects under three drug conditions (saline, atropine sulfate, metoprolol) while sitting and standing on three consecutive days. Following preinfusion baseline recordings, saline, metoprolol (14 mg), or atropine sulfate (2 mg) was infused for 15 min (by using a double-blind procedure). Recordings were taken during a postinfusion baseline and in response to an orthostatic stressor (standing versus sitting postures). At the end of the metoprolol session, atropine sulfate was infused and responses were monitored during the postinfusion (i.e., double blockade) baseline and during orthostatic stressor. Analyses of the blockade data revealed that the preejection period (PEP) reflected sympathetic but not vagal influences on the heart, and high frequency (HF, 0.12-0.40 Hz) heart rate variability (respiratory sinus arrhythmia) reflected vagal but not sympathetic influences on the heart. No other measure provided a specific index of the tonic sympathetic or vagal activation of the heart. Postinfusion PEP under saline predicted individual differences in postinfusion cardiac sympathetic activation, whereas postinfusion heart period (but not HF variability) under saline predicted individual differences in postinfusion cardiac vagal activation.
在连续三天的时间里，对女性受试者在三种药物条件下（生理盐水、硫酸阿托品、美托洛尔）坐着和站立时的心动周期、收缩期时间间期、低频和高频心动周期变异性、血压及呼吸进行了测量。在预输注基线记录之后，通过双盲程序输注生理盐水、美托洛尔（14毫克）或硫酸阿托品（2毫克）15分钟。在输注后基线期间以及对直立应激源（站立与坐姿）的反应期间进行记录。在美托洛尔输注阶段结束时，输注硫酸阿托品，并在输注后（即双重阻断）基线期间以及直立应激源期间监测反应。对阻断数据的分析显示，射血前期（PEP）反映了交感神经而非迷走神经对心脏的影响，高频（HF，0.12 - 0.40赫兹）心率变异性（呼吸性窦性心律不齐）反映了迷走神经而非交感神经对心脏的影响。没有其他测量方法能提供心脏紧张性交感神经或迷走神经激活的特定指标。生理盐水输注后的PEP可预测输注后心脏交感神经激活的个体差异，而生理盐水输注后的心动周期（而非HF变异性）可预测输注后心脏迷走神经激活的个体差异。
