Gässler K
Psyche (Stuttg). 1995 Jan;49(1):41-68.
For the surviving victims, the persecution of the Jews by the National Socialists represents a form of traumatization so extreme as to beggar comparison with any other kind of traumatic event, say, a natural catastrophe. Interviews with people caught up in the machinery of persecution as adolescents have revealed to the author that they were subject to psychic lesions with devastating consequences hardly susceptible to adequate description in the framework of traditional psychoanalytic trauma theories. In puberty the internal separation process from the parents as love-objects is in itself difficult enough. When this is compounded with an external persecution situation the threat to a sound physical and psychic constitution is infinitely greater. In concurrence with other authors, and in particular with Keilson's concept of sequential traumatization, Gässler places particular emphasis on the transgenerational aspect of extreme traumatization.
对于幸存的受害者而言，纳粹对犹太人的迫害造成的创伤极其严重，与其他任何创伤性事件（比如自然灾害）相比都堪称有过之而无不及。作者在对那些青少年时期身陷迫害机制的人进行访谈时发现，他们遭受了精神创伤，其后果极具毁灭性，几乎无法用传统精神分析创伤理论进行充分描述。在青春期，与作为情感对象的父母进行内心分离的过程本身就已足够艰难。当这一过程再叠加外部迫害的情况时，对健全的身心体质所构成的威胁就会无限增大。与其他作者观点一致，尤其是认同凯尔森的相继创伤概念，盖斯勒特别强调了极端创伤的代际影响。
