Sarafian S K, Rice R J, Ohye R G, Higa H, Knapp J S
Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333.
Sex Transm Dis. 1994 Nov-Dec;21(6):332-7. doi: 10.1097/00007435-199411000-00007.
Gonococcal infections caused by penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG) isolates have increased in geographic distribution and prevalence. It was postulated that PPNG strains would become endemic in Honolulu and that, in turn, this city would serve as a reservoir for the introduction of PPNG strains into the continental United States.
To assess the role of Honolulu as a reservoir for PPNG strains by assessing the diversity and persistence of PPNG strains between 1982 and 1991.
A total of 432 PPNG strains were characterized by auxotype/serovar (A/S) class and plasmid content, and their distribution during the 10-year period was studied.
Of 432 isolates, 373 (86.4%) possessed a 4.4-Mdal beta-lactamase plasmid; 39 (9.0%) possessed a 3.2-Mdal beta-lactamase plasmid; and 20 (4.6%) possessed a 3.05-Mdal beta-lactamase plasmid. A total of 53 A/S classes were identified. Asian, African, and Toronto PPNG strains belonged to 49 (92.5%), 15 (28.3%), and 11 (20.7%) A/S classes, respectively. Though all Toronto PPNG strains possessed a 24.5-Mdal conjugative plasmid, these plasmids could not be transferred by conjugation. Although some apparent microepidemics of PPNG strains were identified, most strains were isolated sporadically.
A large number of different strains have been associated with PPNG infections in Honolulu, but there was no evidence that any strain persisted endemically during the study period. These observations have important implications for the design and assessment of community gonorrhea control strategies.
由产青霉素酶淋病奈瑟菌（PPNG）分离株引起的淋球菌感染在地理分布和流行率方面均有所增加。据推测，PPNG菌株将在檀香山成为地方病，进而该市将成为PPNG菌株传入美国大陆的一个储存地。
通过评估1982年至1991年间PPNG菌株的多样性和持续性，来评估檀香山作为PPNG菌株储存地的作用。
对总共432株PPNG菌株进行了菌型/血清型（A/S）分类和质粒含量鉴定，并研究了它们在这10年期间的分布情况。
在432株分离株中，373株（86.4%）携带4.4兆道尔顿的β-内酰胺酶质粒；39株（9.0%）携带3.2兆道尔顿的β-内酰胺酶质粒；20株（4.6%）携带3.05兆道尔顿的β-内酰胺酶质粒。总共鉴定出53种A/S分类。亚洲、非洲和多伦多的PPNG菌株分别属于49种（92.5%）、15种（28.3%）和11种（20.7%）A/S分类。尽管所有多伦多PPNG菌株都携带一个24.5兆道尔顿的接合性质粒，但这些质粒不能通过接合进行转移。虽然鉴定出了一些明显的PPNG菌株微小流行，但大多数菌株是零星分离得到的。
在檀香山，大量不同的菌株与PPNG感染有关，但没有证据表明在研究期间有任何菌株呈地方病持续存在。这些观察结果对社区淋病控制策略的设计和评估具有重要意义。
