Compton W M, Cottler L B, Shillington A M, Price R K
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1995 Jan;37(1):37-43. doi: 10.1016/0376-8716(94)01056-q.
Previous reports have shown antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) to be strongly associated with injection equipment sharing and increased rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in a sample of heroin injectors. Another report has shown ASPD to be associated with injection drug use, needle sharing, sexual promiscuity, and prostitution in a sample of methadone maintenance clients. The current study extends this work by examining the relationship of ASPD and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk behaviors in a sample of cocaine users (48% out of treatment and 52% just entering treatment). Associations were tested for sexually risky behaviors in addition to injection behaviors. The principle finding of this study is that ASPD was shown to be associated with increased rates of injection drug use and sharing syringes, with earlier age of onset of injection drug use, with certain venereal diseases, and with a variety of HIV risk sexual behaviors. When men and women were tested separately, the pattern of association of risky behaviors with ASPD varied considerably. Overall, this work confirms that psychiatric status, especially the presence of ASPD, may have to be considered in evaluating the results of HIV risk-reduction interventions.
先前的报告显示，在海洛因注射者样本中，反社会人格障碍（ASPD）与注射器具共用以及人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染率增加密切相关。另一项报告显示，在美沙酮维持治疗患者样本中，ASPD与注射吸毒、针头共用、性乱交及卖淫有关。当前研究通过调查可卡因使用者样本（48%未接受治疗，52%刚开始接受治疗）中ASPD与人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）风险行为之间的关系，扩展了这项工作。除注射行为外，还对性风险行为的关联性进行了测试。本研究的主要发现是，ASPD与注射吸毒及共用注射器的比率增加、注射吸毒的更早发病年龄、某些性病以及多种HIV风险性行为有关。当分别对男性和女性进行测试时，风险行为与ASPD的关联模式差异很大。总体而言，这项工作证实，在评估降低HIV风险干预措施的结果时，可能必须考虑精神状态，尤其是ASPD的存在。
