Tourian K, Alterman A, Metzger D, Rutherford M, Cacciola J S, McKay J R
University of Pennsylvania, Treatment Research Center, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1997 Aug 25;47(2):99-107. doi: 10.1016/s0376-8716(97)00076-8.
Most opiate users are injection drug users (IDUs). A significant percentage of IDUs have antisocial personality disorder (APD). APD has been found by some researchers to be an additional risk factor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in IDUs. The present study evaluated the association of sociodemographic characteristics, substance abuse history, and several measures of antisociality including the DSM-III-R diagnosis made by the Personality Disorder Examination, the California Psychological Inventory-Socialization Scale, and Hare's Revised Psychopathy Checklist, to behaviors associated with HIV risk in 289 opiate-dependent methadone-maintained subjects. The presence of drug- and sex-related risky behaviors measured by the Risk Assessment Battery was predicted more consistently by measures of personality traits associated with antisociality than by a diagnosis of APD.
大多数阿片类药物使用者是注射吸毒者（IDU）。相当一部分注射吸毒者患有反社会人格障碍（APD）。一些研究人员发现，反社会人格障碍是注射吸毒者感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的一个额外风险因素。本研究评估了289名依赖阿片类药物并接受美沙酮维持治疗的受试者的社会人口学特征、药物滥用史以及包括通过人格障碍检查做出的DSM-III-R诊断、加利福尼亚心理调查表-社会化量表和黑尔修订版精神病态检查表在内的几种反社会行为测量指标与HIV风险相关行为之间的关联。与反社会人格障碍的诊断相比，通过风险评估量表测量的与毒品和性相关的危险行为的存在，更一致地由与反社会行为相关的人格特质测量指标预测。
