Sack D A, Hoque A T, Huq A, Etheridge M
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205.
Lancet. 1994 Jun 4;343(8910):1413-5. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(94)92531-3.
Shigellosis due to Shigella sonnei is rare among people growing up and living in developing countries; however, infections due to S sonnei becomes more common than those due to S flexneri as societies develop economically. The relation between risk of S sonnei infection and economic development may be explained by the exposure of developing-country populations to Plesiomonas shigelloides. P shigelloides is often found in surface water, and one serotype (serotype 17) possesses a cell-wall lipopolysaccharide identical to that of S sonnei. Thus, exposure to P shigelloides by drinking contaminated water may immunise populations to S sonnei. As economic development occurs, water quality improves and populations become susceptible to S sonnei. Although drinking water has many advantages, immunisation against S sonnei may be one benefit of traditional water sources.
在发展中国家长大并生活的人群中，由宋内志贺菌引起的志贺氏菌病较为罕见；然而，随着社会经济发展，由宋内志贺菌引起的感染比弗氏志贺菌引起的感染更为常见。宋内志贺菌感染风险与经济发展之间的关系可能是由于发展中国家人群接触类志贺邻单胞菌所致。类志贺邻单胞菌常在地表水中被发现，其中一个血清型（血清型17）具有与宋内志贺菌相同的细胞壁脂多糖。因此，饮用受污染的水接触类志贺邻单胞菌可能使人群对宋内志贺菌产生免疫。随着经济发展，水质改善，人群对宋内志贺菌变得易感。尽管饮用水有诸多优点，但对宋内志贺菌的免疫可能是传统水源的一个益处。
