Glantz S A, Begay M E
Institute for Health Policy Studies, School of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco 94143-0124.
JAMA. 1994 Oct 19;272(15):1176-82.
To test the hypothesis that tobacco industry campaign contributions are influencing the behavior of members of the California legislature.
Multivariate simultaneous-equations regression was used to analyze data on campaign contributions from the tobacco industry to members of the California legislature in 1991 and 1992, members' tobacco control policy positions, and members' personal characteristics.
The following sources were analyzed: campaign contributions from disclosure statements filed with the California Fair Political Practices Commission; constituent attitudes on tobacco control from the California Tobacco Survey; legislators' personal characteristics, from a survey of key informants conducted by the California Journal; and the tobacco policy score, a survey of key informants working on tobacco issues in the state legislature. Specific voting on tobacco-related bills was also analyzed.
California legislature in 1991 and 1992.
All members of the California legislature in 1991 and 1992.
Tobacco policy score, campaign contributions, and votes on individual tobacco-related bills.
The tobacco industry is having a statistically detectable effect on behavior of members of the California legislature on tobacco policymaking. On a scale of 0 to 10, a legislator's tobacco policy score dropped (ie, became more protobacco industry) by -0.11 for every $1000 in tobacco campaign contributions, after accounting for the fact that a more protobacco position was associated with greater contributions ($1855 for each -1.0 reduction in score). Members who were rated as effective received larger contributions from the industry. Members rated higher in integrity and intelligence were more antitobacco (higher scores) and Republicans more protobacco (lower scores) after taking into account the effects of contributions from the industry. Constituent attitudes were not reflected in legislators' perceived behavior.
Tobacco industry campaign contributions influence California legislators in matters related to tobacco policymaking, independent of constituents' support for tobacco control.
检验烟草行业竞选捐款正在影响加利福尼亚州立法机构成员行为这一假设。
采用多元联立方程回归分析1991年和1992年烟草行业给加利福尼亚州立法机构成员的竞选捐款数据、成员的烟草控制政策立场以及成员的个人特征。
分析了以下来源的数据：向加利福尼亚公平政治行为委员会提交的披露声明中的竞选捐款；加利福尼亚烟草调查中选民对烟草控制的态度；《加利福尼亚杂志》对关键信息提供者进行的调查中立法者的个人特征；以及对州立法机构中处理烟草问题的关键信息提供者进行的调查得出的烟草政策得分。还分析了与烟草相关法案的具体投票情况。
1991年和1992年的加利福尼亚州立法机构。
1991年和1992年加利福尼亚州立法机构的所有成员。
烟草政策得分、竞选捐款以及对个别与烟草相关法案的投票。
在统计上，烟草行业对加利福尼亚州立法机构成员在烟草政策制定方面的行为产生了可察觉的影响。在0至10的评分标准下，在考虑到更倾向烟草行业的立场与更多捐款相关联（得分每降低1.0分，捐款增加1855美元）这一事实后，立法者的烟草政策得分每收到1000美元烟草竞选捐款就下降（即变得更倾向烟草行业）-0.11分。被评为有成效的成员从该行业获得了更多捐款。在考虑到行业捐款的影响后，在正直和智慧方面评分较高的成员更反对烟草（得分较高），而共和党人更倾向烟草（得分较低）。选民态度未在立法者的可感知行为中得到体现。
烟草行业的竞选捐款在与烟草政策制定相关的事务中影响着加利福尼亚州的立法者，与选民对烟草控制的支持无关。
