Fahrenkrug H, Rehm J
Swiss Institute for the Prevention of Alcohol and Drug Problems, SIPA, Lausanne.
Soz Praventivmed. 1994;39(4):227-38. doi: 10.1007/BF01309222.
A case-control study was conducted to test hypotheses about involvement in alcohol-related road accidents. Cases were defined as all male drivers between 18 and 25 years of age who were involved in a police-registered alcohol-related road accident in the Swiss cantons of Vaud and Ticino or the city of Zurich in 1990 and who had a BAC level of 0.8% and more (N = 306). Accident-free controls were drawn from registers of all persons with a driver's licence, matched for sex, age, and place of residence (N = 612). The main research instrument was a questionnaire distributed to cases and controls. Since response rates were relatively low in both groups (ca. 35%), specific analyses were undertaken to exclude the possibility of a selection bias. Results demonstrated that drinking pattern and risk behaviour were important contributing factors to the accidents. Especially, male persons with a permanent heavy-drinking style, males with a risky-driving style plus a regular or periodically heavy-drinking style, and persons who enjoy taking risks and drink to cope, increase their risk of being involved in an alcohol-related traffic accident more than sixfold. A tendency to engage generally in risky behaviour did not increase the risk of involvement in an alcohol accident.
开展了一项病例对照研究，以检验关于卷入与酒精相关道路交通事故的假设。病例定义为1990年在瑞士沃州、提契诺州或苏黎世市发生警方登记的与酒精相关道路交通事故的所有18至25岁男性驾驶员，其血液酒精浓度（BAC）水平为0.8%及以上（N = 306）。无事故对照组从所有持有驾驶执照人员的登记册中抽取，按性别、年龄和居住地点进行匹配（N = 612）。主要研究工具是分发给病例和对照的一份问卷。由于两组的回复率相对较低（约35%），因此进行了特定分析以排除选择偏倚的可能性。结果表明，饮酒模式和风险行为是事故的重要促成因素。特别是，长期重度饮酒的男性、具有危险驾驶风格且有规律或定期重度饮酒风格的男性，以及喜欢冒险并通过饮酒来应对的人，卷入与酒精相关交通事故的风险增加了六倍多。一般倾向于从事危险行为并不会增加卷入酒精事故的风险。
