Marquart L F, Sobal J
Cornell Cooperative Extension of Oswego County, Mexico, NY 13114.
J Adolesc Health. 1994 Jul;15(5):410-5. doi: 10.1016/1054-139x(94)90266-6.
Wrestlers often engage in unhealthy practices to achieve a low body weight for competition. This study examined beliefs, practices, and potential support systems to promote safe weight loss among scholastic wrestlers.
A written questionnaire was developed and administered to all nine high school wrestling teams in one rural county. Responses were obtained from 197 wrestlers.
Most wrestlers reported that "making weight" was very important. Increased activity and decreased food intake were the most frequent weight loss methods. Unsafe methods such as vomiting and use of laxatives were sometimes used, even though many wrestlers recognized these practices were unhealthy and decreased performance. Personal desire to win, coaches, and teammates were reported to be the greatest influences on weight loss efforts. Wrestlers believed that coaches and physicians were the most accurate sources of weight loss information.
Nutrition counseling which goes beyond simply providing information about the risk of rapid weight loss among adolescent wrestlers is needed. Emphasis on motivating wrestlers to adopt healthy weight management strategies is important. Wrestlers perceive physicians as credible sources of information, and physicians should become more actively involved in educating both coaches and athletes about safe weight management.
摔跤运动员常常采取不健康的做法来减轻体重以参加比赛。本研究调查了高中生摔跤运动员为促进安全减重所抱有的信念、采取的做法以及潜在的支持系统。
设计了一份书面问卷，并发放给一个乡村县的所有九支高中摔跤队。共获得197名摔跤运动员的回复。
大多数摔跤运动员表示“减重”非常重要。增加运动量和减少食物摄入量是最常用的减重方法。尽管许多摔跤运动员认识到呕吐和使用泻药等不安全方法不健康且会影响表现，但有时仍会使用。据报道，个人求胜欲望、教练和队友对减重努力影响最大。摔跤运动员认为教练和医生是减重信息最可靠的来源。
需要开展营养咨询，不仅仅是简单提供有关青少年摔跤运动员快速减重风险的信息。强调激励摔跤运动员采用健康的体重管理策略很重要。摔跤运动员认为医生是可靠的信息来源，医生应更积极地参与教育教练和运动员进行安全的体重管理。
