Luoto R, Pekkanen J, Uutela A, Tuomilehto J
Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Finland.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 1994 Aug;48(4):348-54. doi: 10.1136/jech.48.4.348.
The study aimed to assess the association of different indicators of socioeconomic status with levels of cardiovascular disease risk factors in men and women aged 25-64 years.
This was a cross sectional survey, using a community based random sample.
The provinces of North Karelia and Kuopio in eastern Finland and the cities of Turku and Loimaa and surrounding communities in southwestern Finland in 1987.
Altogether 2164 men and 2182 women aged 25-64 years took part.
Data were collected using self administered questionnaires and the measurement of height, body weight, and blood pressure and blood sampling for lipid determinations were done at the survey site. The risk of cardiovascular disease was determined by calculating a simple risk factor score based on the observed values of HDL and total cholesterol, leisure time, physical activity, blood pressure, medication for hypertension, body mass index, and smoking. Indicators of socioeconomic position used were years of education, family income, marital status, and the person's occupation. Lower levels of education, occupation, and income were all significantly associated with an unfavorable risk factor profile in men and women. Education and occupation showed the strongest associations with the risk factor score in both men and women. The results changed little when adjusting for income and marital status. Family income was more strongly associated with the risk factor score in women than men. When adjusting for occupation and education, income was no longer significantly associated with the risk factor score in men. Marital status was not significantly associated with the risk factor score in either sex.
Using the strength of the association with the cardiovascular risk factor score as the criterion for a good socioeconomic indicator, the present study suggests that education and occupation may be equally good indicators in both men and women. Family income may have some additional importance, especially in women.
本研究旨在评估25至64岁男性和女性社会经济地位的不同指标与心血管疾病风险因素水平之间的关联。
这是一项横断面调查，采用基于社区的随机样本。
1987年芬兰东部的北卡累利阿省和库奥皮奥省，以及芬兰西南部的图尔库市和洛马市及其周边社区。
共有2164名25至64岁的男性和2182名25至64岁的女性参与。
通过自行填写问卷收集数据，并在调查现场测量身高、体重、血压以及采集血样以测定血脂。心血管疾病风险通过基于高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、总胆固醇、休闲时间、体力活动、血压、高血压用药情况、体重指数和吸烟的观测值计算简单风险因素评分来确定。所使用的社会经济地位指标包括受教育年限、家庭收入、婚姻状况和个人职业。较低的教育水平、职业和收入均与男性和女性不利的风险因素状况显著相关。教育和职业与男性和女性的风险因素评分关联最为紧密。在对收入和婚姻状况进行调整后，结果变化不大。家庭收入与女性风险因素评分的关联比男性更强。在对职业和教育进行调整后，收入与男性风险因素评分不再显著相关。婚姻状况与男女任何一方的风险因素评分均无显著关联。
以与心血管风险因素评分的关联强度作为良好社会经济指标的标准，本研究表明教育和职业在男性和女性中可能都是同样良好的指标。家庭收入可能具有一些额外的重要性，尤其是在女性中。
