Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical Science University, Beijing, China.
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2010 Jan;248(1):49-57. doi: 10.1007/s00417-009-1204-5. Epub 2009 Oct 11.
To determine associations between educational level and ophthalmic diseases in Chinese.
The population-based Beijing Eye Study, performed in 2006, enrolled 3,251 participants (age: 45+ years) out of 4,439 subjects invited to participate (response rate: 73.2%). The participants underwent an interview including questions concerning their educational level, and a detailed ophthalmic examination.
Data on the level of education were available for 3,221 (99.1%) subjects, with 1,484 (46.1%) subjects living in the rural region. The mean age was 60.4 +/- 10.1 years (range: 45-89 years). In a multivariate analysis, a higher level of education was significantly associated with myopic refractive error, higher best-corrected visual acuity, lower degree of nuclear cataract, and lower prevalence of angle-closure glaucoma, and with the systemic parameters of lower age, male gender, urban region, taller body height, and lower body mass index. It was not significantly associated with intraocular pressure, amount of subcapsular cataract and cortical cataract, cataract surgery, and the prevalences of diabetes mellitus, retinal vein occlusions, chronic open-angle glaucoma, and age-related macular degeneration, and with the systemic parameters of fasting serum concentrations of glucose, high-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, cholesterol and triglycerides, systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
In the Greater Beijing area, a higher level of education was associated with myopic refractive error, higher best-corrected visual acuity, and lower prevalence of nuclear cataract and angle-closure glaucoma, after adjusting for the systemic parameters of younger age, male gender, urban region, taller body height, lower body mass index less smoking and less alcohol consumption. Educational level was not significantly associated with intraocular pressure, cortical cataract, blood pressure, and frequencies of age-related macular degeneration, retinal vein occlusions and chronic open-angle glaucoma.
探讨中国人群中受教育程度与眼部疾病的相关性。
本研究为基于人群的北京眼研究，于 2006 年开展，共纳入 4439 名受邀参与者中的 3251 名（年龄：45 岁以上）作为研究对象（应答率：73.2%）。所有参与者均接受了包括受教育程度问题在内的访谈和详细的眼科检查。
本研究共纳入 3221 名（99.1%）参与者，其中 1484 名（46.1%）参与者居住在农村地区。参与者的平均年龄为 60.4±10.1 岁（45-89 岁）。多变量分析结果显示，较高的受教育程度与近视屈光不正、较好的最佳矫正视力、较低核性白内障程度和较低的闭角型青光眼患病率相关，与年龄较小、男性、城市地区、较高的身高和较低的体重指数等全身参数相关。受教育程度与眼压、皮质性白内障和后囊下白内障的程度、白内障手术、糖尿病、视网膜静脉阻塞、慢性开角型青光眼和年龄相关性黄斑变性的患病率以及空腹血糖、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、胆固醇和甘油三酯、收缩压和舒张压等全身参数无显著相关性。
在北京市，在校正了年龄较小、男性、城市地区、较高的身高、较低的体重指数、较少的吸烟和饮酒等全身参数后，较高的受教育程度与近视屈光不正、较好的最佳矫正视力和较低的核性白内障及闭角型青光眼的患病率相关。受教育程度与眼压、皮质性白内障、血压和年龄相关性黄斑变性、视网膜静脉阻塞及慢性开角型青光眼的频率无显著相关性。
