Behera D, Jindal S K, Malhotra H S
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Respiration. 1994;61(2):89-92. doi: 10.1159/000196313.
Lung function parameters, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1st s (FEV1), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), were measured in 3,318 nonsmoking Indian women using four different types of cooking fuels (biomass, liquified petroleum gas, kerosene and mixed). Biomass fuel users had FVC values less than 75% predicted (73.42 +/- 0.90; mean +/- SE) whereas in other groups it was more than 75% of predicted, though less than 80% of the predicted values. However, FEV1, FEV1/FVC (%) and PEFR were within normal limits in all the four groups. The absolute values of all the three parameters of lung functions were the lowest in the biomass and mixed fuel users. A negative correlation was observed between these parameters and the duration of cooking and exposure index. Thus the present study showed that, lung function, particularly FVC, is affected by indoor air pollution due to domestic cooking more so with biomass fuel. Better housing and use of smokeless devices for cooking might be helpful to avoid this effect on lung. This ventilatory impairment seems to be more of the restrictive (parenchymal) type, since obstruction could be ruled out. A longitudinal study is needed to demonstrate whether or not these changes are variable, reversible or progressing to fibrosis.
在3318名不吸烟的印度女性中，使用四种不同类型的烹饪燃料（生物质、液化石油气、煤油和混合燃料）测量了肺功能参数，包括用力肺活量（FVC）、第1秒用力呼气量（FEV1）、呼气峰值流速（PEFR）。使用生物质燃料的人群FVC值低于预测值的75%（73.42±0.90；平均值±标准误），而其他组该值高于预测值的75%，但低于预测值的80%。然而，所有四组的FEV1、FEV1/FVC（%）和PEFR均在正常范围内。肺功能这三个参数的绝对值在使用生物质和混合燃料的人群中最低。观察到这些参数与烹饪持续时间和暴露指数之间呈负相关。因此，本研究表明，肺功能，尤其是FVC，受到家庭烹饪引起的室内空气污染的影响，使用生物质燃料时影响更大。更好的住房条件和使用无烟烹饪设备可能有助于避免对肺部的这种影响。由于可以排除阻塞，这种通气功能障碍似乎更多是限制性（实质性）类型。需要进行纵向研究来证明这些变化是否可变、可逆或进展为纤维化。
